Impact of nodule damage by Rivellia angulata on N2-fixation,growth, and yield of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) grown in a Vertisol |
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| Authors: | J V D K Kumar Rao S Sithanantham |
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| Institution: | (1) Present address: Legumes Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), 502324 Patancheru, A. P., India |
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| Abstract: | Summary Damage caused by Rivellia angulata larvae to pigeonpea root nodules at the ICRISAT center in India was greater in the crop grown on Vertisols (up to 86%) compared to that on Alfisols (20%). Attempts to quantify the field effects of nodule damage on growth and yield of pigeonpea in a Vertisol, involving many heavy applications of soil insecticides (aldrin and hexachlorocyclohexane) failed because the insecticides did not control the pest and adversely affected the growth of the pigeonpea and the subsequent crop of sorghum (Sorgorum bicolor L. Moench). The impact of nodule damage on pigeonpea growth, yield and nutrient uptake was successfully studied in greenhouse-grown plants at three N levels. In this pot study, artificial inoculation with Rivellia sp. led to substantial nodule damage (70%). The results of this damage were a significant overall reduction in nodule dry weight (46%), acetylene reduction activity (31%), total leaf area (36%), chlorophyll content of leaves (39%) and shoot dry weight (23%) 68 days after sowing. At maturity, Rivellia sp. infestation caused significant reductions in top dry weight (22%), root and nodule dry weight (27%), seed dry weight (14%), and total N (29%) and P uptake (19%). The problems and prospects of manipulating nodule damage so as to reduce N losses in pigeonpea are discussed.Submitted as JA No. 756 by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) |
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| Keywords: | Nodule damage Rivellia angulata Nitrogen fixation Cajanus cajan Pigeonpea Vertisol |
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