| 苹果连作土壤加入酒糟可减轻连作障碍 |
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| 引用本文： | 王森,段亚楠,孙申义,王嘉艳,陈学森,沈向,毛志泉,尹承苗.苹果连作土壤加入酒糟可减轻连作障碍[J].园艺学报,2017,44(6):1157-1166. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王森 段亚楠 孙申义 王嘉艳 陈学森 沈向 毛志泉 尹承苗 |
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| 作者单位： | （1山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东泰安 271018；2山东招远市果业总站，山东招远 265400；3山东荣成市果茶技术推广站，山东荣成 264300） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-28)，山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014CL024)，国家自然科学基金项目(31501720;31672104)，国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201114)，山东省水果创新团队项目(SDAIT-06-07) |
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| 摘 要： | 在盆栽条件下,研究了啤酒糟和白酒糟对连作平邑甜茶幼苗生长及其连作土壤中微生物的影响。结果表明,连作土壤添加酒糟可显著提高平邑甜茶幼苗株高、干样质量、鲜样质量等生物量指标。添加酒糟后土壤中细菌、真菌数量与连作土对照相比也有明显提升。通过聚类分析、主成成分分析和多样性分析发现,加入酒糟后土壤中微生物群落结构发生明显变化,且不同酒糟类型和不同酒糟处理方式造成微生物的群落结构不同;由于酒糟自身携带及灭菌酒糟在土壤中滋生的微生物,促使土壤中优势种群的出现,改变了土壤中微生物群落的多样性指数和丰富度指数。对土壤中的层出镰孢菌(Fusarium proliferatum)进行实时荧光定量分析显示,与连作土壤对照中的层出镰孢菌基因拷贝数相比,啤酒糟、白酒糟、灭菌啤酒糟和灭菌白酒糟处理分别降低了39.1%、58.1%、20.9%和39.2%,酒糟灭菌后减弱了对有害菌层出镰孢菌的抑制作用。综上,苹果连作土壤中加入酒糟后,改变了土壤中微生物的群落结构,降低了有害真菌的数量,减轻了苹果连作障碍现象,其中白酒糟效果更好。
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| 关 键 词： | 平邑甜茶 酒糟 连作 微生物 |
Vinasse and Distiller's Grains Could Reduce Apple Replanted Disease |
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| WANG Sen,DUAN Yanan,SUN Shenyi,WANG Jiayan,CHEN Xuesen,SHEN Xiang,MAO Zhiquan,YIN Chengmiao.Vinasse and Distiller's Grains Could Reduce Apple Replanted Disease[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2017,44(6):1157-1166. |
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| Authors: | WANG Sen DUAN Yanan SUN Shenyi WANG Jiayan CHEN Xuesen SHEN Xiang MAO Zhiquan YIN Chengmiao |
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| Institution: | （1College of Horticulture Science and Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology，Tai’an，Shandong 271018，China；2Zhaoyuan Fruit Station，Zhaoyuan，Shandong 265400，China；3Fruit Tea Technical Extension Station of Rongcheng City of Shandong Province，Rongcheng，Shandong 264300，China） |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of sterilized and non sterilized matur vinasse and Distiller's grains on the Malus hupehensis Rehd.and replanted soil microorganisms.The study showed that lees (vinasse and distiller's grains) increased biomass of seedlings ofMalus hupehensis Rehd.It could enhance Malus hupeheusis Rehd.seedlings biomass.Plant height,fresh weight and dry weight after adding vinasse and distiller's grains.And the number of bacteria and fungi in the soil with continuous cropping on the photographic is also improved significantly after using them.Based on the cluster analysis.PCA and diversity index analysis,the soil microbial community structure had obvious changes.In different types and different processing mode of lees microbial community structure was different.The dominant population presented in the soil and changed microbial community diversity index and richness index by reason of lees carred and sterile lees breeding in the soil.Through the real time fluorescence quantitative ofFusarium proliferatum in soil,the results show that Fusarium proliferatum copy number of vinasse,distiller's grains,sterile vinasse and distiller's grains were decreased by 39.1％,58.1％,20.9％ and 39.2％ than apple replant soil,vinasse and distiller's grains have weaker effection on inhibiting Fusarium proliferatum.In conclusion,adding vinasse and distiller's grains in apple replant soil could change microbial community structure in soil,reduce the number of harmful fungi.Vinasse and distiller's grains can alleviate the apple replant disease and distiller's grains have better effect. |
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| Keywords: | Malus hupeheusis vinasse and distiller's grains replant disease microorganism |
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