| 凡纳滨对虾养殖环境及肠道微生物群落特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 金若晨,江敏,孙世玉,戴习林,吴昊,周俊芳,于忠利,张峰.凡纳滨对虾养殖环境及肠道微生物群落特征分析[J].水产学报,2020,44(12):2037-2054. |
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| 作者姓名： | 金若晨 江敏 孙世玉 戴习林 吴昊 周俊芳 于忠利 张峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海 201306;上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海 201306;上海海洋大学,上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海 201306;上海海洋大学,上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海 201306;上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海 201306;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海 200090;上海市奉贤区水产技术推广站,上海 201419;上海思阳水产养殖合作社,上海 201400 |
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| 基金项目： | 虾类绿色配合饲料的研发与应用[沪农科创字(2019)第3-5号]；上海市虾类产业技术体系建设项目[沪农科产字(2014)第5号]；上海市高校知识服务平台项目(ZF1206) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究凡纳滨对虾养殖过程中其肠道和养殖环境微生物群落的结构及变化，本实验采用Illumina MiSeq测序平台，基于16S rRNA基因的测序结果，对46和86 d虾龄的凡纳滨对虾肠道以及养殖水样、底泥中的微生物群落进行分析。结果显示，86 d时微生物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数显著高于46 d，水样中的Shannon-Wiener指数显著低于底泥和凡纳滨对虾肠道；有35个门、70个纲、152个目、274个科以及420个属在水样、底泥和虾肠道中均能检测到，其中虾肠道和底泥间共有菌类较水样中更多。微生物群落随养殖时间增加发生变化，46与86 d的差异性门类为放线菌门、绿菌门、丝状杆菌门、浮霉状菌门和TM6，相对丰度随时间增加而增高。水样、底泥和虾肠道中有相对固定的优势菌群，在水样、底泥和虾肠道中主要的门类均为变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门，优势纲类为α变形菌纲、β变形菌纲以及放线菌纲，除此以外，虾肠道与底泥共有的优势纲为δ变形菌纲、γ变形菌纲以及芽单胞菌纲；从目、科、属的分类水平上看，水样、底泥和虾肠道中菌类相对丰度各异，鲜有明显重叠的优势菌类，在水样、底泥和虾肠道中均为一种未分类的属占优势地位，水样中优势属为hgcI_clade，底泥和虾肠道中优势属为Ambiguous_taxa。研究结果进一步解释了虾肠道和环境微生物群落结构之间的相关性以及随虾龄增长呈现的差异性。
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| 关 键 词： | 凡纳滨对虾 养殖水样 底泥 虾肠道 微生物群落结构 多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/3/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/4/20 0:00:00 |
Microbial community in Litopenaeus vannamei intestine and its aquaculture environment |
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| JIN Ruochen,JIANG Min,SUN Shiyu,DAI Xilin,WU Hao,ZHOU Junfang,YU Zhongli,ZHANG Feng.Microbial community in Litopenaeus vannamei intestine and its aquaculture environment[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2020,44(12):2037-2054. |
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| Authors: | JIN Ruochen JIANG Min SUN Shiyu DAI Xilin WU Hao ZHOU Junfang YU Zhongli ZHANG Feng |
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| Institution: | College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;Shanghai Fengxian District Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, Shanghai 201419, China; Shanghai Siyang Aquaculture CO. LTD, Shanghai 201400, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore the microbial community structure and changes in the intestine of Litopenaeus vannamei and its aquaculture environment during the cultivation process, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze the microbial community in the gut of L. vannamei at age of 46 and 86 days, and its aquaculture water and sediments correspondingly, based on the 16S rRNA sequence. The results showed that the Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes in water samples were significantly lower than those in sediments and shrimp intestines. We detected 35 phyla, 70 classes, 152 orders, 274 families and 420 genera that existed in water, sediments and L. vannamei intestines. There were more common microbes in the intestines of L. vannamei and the sediments than those in the water. The microbial community structure of water, sediments and L. vannamei intestines changed when culturing time prolonged, the different phyla of 46 and 86 d were Actinobacteria, Chlorobi, Fibrobacteres, Planctomycates and TM6. Relative abundance increased with time. However, the dominant flora was relatively fixed. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria were the three dominant categories in all three kinds of samples. At the class level, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant categories. In addition, L. vannamei intestines and sediment had the common dominant classes of Deltaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes. From the classification levels of order, family and genus, the microbial community relative abundance in various samples presented differences, so that few common categories showed overlapping dominance in samples except unclassified genera, which was the most abundant in all the samples. Besides, hgcI_clade was the dominant genus in the water, Ambiguous_taxa was the predominant genus in the L. vannamei intestines and sediments. These results further explained the correlation of the microbial community structure in intestine of L. vannamei and its aquaculture environment, and also showed the differences that emerged during the culture process. |
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| Keywords: | Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture water sediment intestine microbial community structure diversity |
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