A stable and major QTL region on chromosome 2 conditions pod shape in cultivated peanut (Arachis hyopgaea L.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, P.R.China;2. Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793, the United States;3. Anhui General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension, Hefei 230001, P.R.China;4. Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, P.R.China;5. Qingdao Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Qingdao 266071, P.R.China;6. Yantai Fenglin Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Yantai 264108, P.R.China;7. Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261071, P.R.China |
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| Abstract: | Peanut pod shape is a heritable trait which affects the market acceptance of in-shell peanut products. In order to determine the genetic control of pod shape, six component traits of pod shape (pod length, pod width, pod length/width ratio, pod roundness, beak degree and constriction degree) were measured using an image-based phenotyping method. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 181 lines was phenotyped across three environments. Continuous distributions and transgressive segregations were demonstrated in all measured traits and environments. Significant correlations were found among most component traits with broad-sense heritability ranging from 0.87 to 0.95. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis yielded 26 additive QTLs explaining 3.79 to 52.37% phenotypic variations. A novel, stable and major QTL region conditioning multiple shape features was detected on chromosome 2, which spans a 10.81-Mb genomic region with 543 putative genes. Bioinformatics analysis revealed several candidate genes in this region. In addition, 73 pairs of epistatic interactions involving 92 loci were identified for six component traits explaining 0.94–6.45% phenotypic variations. These results provide new genetic loci to facilitate genomics-assisted breeding of peanut pod shape. |
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| Keywords: | peanut pod shape quantitative trait locus additive effect epistasis |
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