Relationships between avian richness and landscape structure at multiple scales using multiple landscapes |
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| Institution: | 1. US Geological Survey, Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, 108 M. White Smith Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;2. National Council for Air and Stream Improvement Inc. (NCASI), P.O. Box 340317, Clemson, SC 29634-0317, USA;3. National Council for Air and Stream Improvement Inc. (NCASI), 552 S. Washington St., Suite 224, Naperville, IL 60540, USA;4. North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, 11 W. Jones St., Raleigh, NC 27601-1029, USA;5. MeadWestvaco Corporation, Box 577, Rupert, WV 25984, USA;6. Fisheries and Wildlife Program, Box 7646, Forestry Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7646, USA;7. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902, USA;8. Weyerhaeuser Company, P.O. Box 1060, Hot Springs, AR 71901, USA;9. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 7600, SFA Station, Nacogdoches, TX 5962, USA;10. Arkansas Forest Resource Center, School of Forest Resources, University of Arkansas-Monticello, AR 71656, USA;11. US Geological Survey, West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Forestry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;1. Department of Nature Conservation, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;2. Department of Road and Bridge, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;1. Korea Institute of Ornithology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea;1. Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1-UEB, Avenue du général Leclerc, Rennes Cedex 35042, France;2. CEMFOR – CTFC, InForest Joint Research Unit, Solsona 25280, Spain;3. CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallés 08193, Spain;4. CSIC, Cerdanyola del Vallés 08193, Spain;1. DiSTeVA, University of Urbino, Scientific Campus, 61029 Urbino, Italy;2. Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Institute of Biotechnology and Environment Protection, Prof. Szafran Street 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland;3. Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71 C, 60-625 Poznań, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Little is known about factors that structure biodiversity on landscape scales, yet current land management protocols, such as forest certification programs, place an increasing emphasis on managing for sustainable biodiversity at landscape scales. We used a replicated landscape study to evaluate relationships between forest structure and avian diversity at both stand and landscape-levels. We used data on bird communities collected under comparable sampling protocols on four managed forests located across the Southeastern US to develop logistic regression models describing relationships between habitat factors and the distribution of overall richness and richness of selected guilds. Landscape models generated for eight of nine guilds showed a strong relationship between richness and both availability and configuration of landscape features. Diversity of topographic features and heterogeneity of forest structure were primary determinants of avian species richness. Forest heterogeneity, in both age and forest type, were strongly and positively associated with overall avian richness and richness for most guilds. Road density was associated positively but weakly with avian richness. Landscape variables dominated all models generated, but no consistent patterns in metrics or scale were evident. Model fit was strong for neotropical migrants and relatively weak for short-distance migrants and resident species. Our models provide a tool that will allow managers to evaluate and demonstrate quantitatively how management practices affect avian diversity on landscapes. |
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