The influence of reproductive traits on liana abundance 10 years after conventional and reduced-impacts logging in the eastern Brazilian Amazon |
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| Institution: | 1. University Studies Program, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR 97207-0751, USA;2. Instituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amazônia (IMAZON), Belém, Pará, Brazil;1. Instituto de Pesquisa e Estudos Florestais (IPEF), Via Comendador Pedro Morganti, 3500, Bairro Monte Alegre, CEP 13415-000, Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil;2. Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP/Botucatu), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, CP 237, CEP 18.603-970, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil;3. Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil;4. University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia;5. Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP/Ilha Solteira), Av. Brasil Centro, 56, CP 31, CEP 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State, Brazil;6. Instituto Florestal de São Paulo (IF), CP 1322, CEP 01059-970, São Paulo State, Brazil;1. Rural Federal University of Amazonia, Pau Amarelo Avenue, 68650-000 Capitão Poço, PA, Brazil;2. Instituto Floresta Tropical, São Pedro St. 566, Batista Campos, Belém, PA 66023-570, Brazil;1. Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Tropical Forest Institute, Travessa São Pedro, 566. Edifício Carajás, sala 602, CEP: 66023-705, Batista Campos, Belém, Pará, Brazil;3. Embrapa Eastern Amazon, P.O. Box 48, 66095-100 Belém, Pará, Brazil;1. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;2. Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil;3. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata, 376, Belém, PA 66040-170, Brazil;1. Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia;2. Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 11910, Viet Nam |
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| Abstract: | Balancing timber production and conservation in tropical forests requires an understanding of the impacts of silvicultural manipulations on specific groups of organisms. Lianas are characteristic of many tropical forests, where they contribute to species diversity, ecosystem functioning, and biomass. However, lianas can also impede timber production by increasing logging damage and slowing tree growth. Cutting lianas prior to logging can mitigate the negative effects, but may adversely affect a forest's value for conservation. To evaluate the effects of forest management activities on lianas, this study assessed the impacts of logging, both with and without pre-logging liana cutting, on the relative abundance and population structure of five species of lianas that differed in primary reproductive strategies.Inventories of the five study species were conducted 10 years following logging in 4.4 ha plots in three adjacent treatment areas: (1) an old-growth forest reserve, (2) a selectively-logged forest that used conventional practices for the region, and (3) a forest that was logged using reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques including complete liana cutting prior to logging. Liana species responses to logging varied according to their primary modes of reproduction. Croton ascendens, a pioneer species with a persistent seed bank, had a higher abundance in the two logging treatments relative to the old-growth forest, while Serjania caracasana, an early successional species lacking a persistent seed bank, showed abundant regeneration following conventional logging but negligible regeneration following RIL. In contrast, Acacia multipinnata, also an early successional species, showed abundant regeneration following RIL owing to the sprouting of persistent prostrate stems present on the forest floor prior to logging. In both logged areas, Bauhinia guianensis recruited abundant climbing stems from self-supporting seedlings that were present prior to logging, but it showed greatly reduced seedling density following RIL. By sprouting profusely from both fallen stems and stumps, Memora schomburgkii recruited abundant small-diameter climbing stems in both of the logging treatments. The results of this study demonstrate that there are interspecific differences in liana responses to different types of logging and that knowing species’ primary modes of reproduction is a valuable first step toward predicting those responses. |
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