Effects of deficit irrigation strategies on cluster microclimate for improving fruit composition of Moscatel field-grown grapevines |
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| Authors: | Tiago Pedreira dos Santos Carlos M Lopes M Lucília Rodrigues Claudia R de Souza Jorge M Ricardo-da-Silva João P Maroco João S Pereira M Manuela Chaves |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Molecular, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal;3. Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | The grapevine plays a very important role in the economic, social and cultural sectors of many regions; however vineyards are often grown in regions under stressful conditions and thus they are vulnerable to climate change. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation on vine water relations, vegetative growth, plant microclimate, berry composition and yield components, compared to conventional deficit irrigation (DI, 50% ETc), full irrigation (FI, 100% of ETc) and non-irrigated vines (NI). The study was undertaken in mature ‘Moscatel’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Pegões, South of Portugal. Compared to the other irrigated treatments, PRD vines showed a better microclimate at the cluster zone with higher incident photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Within the more open canopies of NI and PRD treatments, berry temperatures were higher than those of denser ones (DI and FI). Compared to the conventional irrigation technique the better microclimate observed in PRD vines was a consequence of a reduction in vine growth, where lower values of leaf layer number, leaf area, canopy wideness, water shoots and shoot weight were observed. In PRD vines we observed a tendency to a development of a deeper root system, while DI and FI showed a more homogeneous root distribution throughout the different soil layers. PRD showed an improvement in berry quality with higher values of flavour precursors, and total phenols concentration without any significant yield reduction compared to DI and FI. |
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| Keywords: | DI deficit irrigation ETc crop evapotranspiration FI full irrigation G-G glycosyl-glucose IFT total phenol index LLN leaf layer number NI non-irrigated PRD partial rootzone drying PPFD photosynthetic photon flux density Tb berry temperature |
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