Higher than optimum temperature under CO2 enrichment influences stomata anatomical characters in rose (Rosa hybrida) |
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| Authors: | Renu Pandey Priya M Chacko ML Choudhary KV Prasad Madan Pal |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India;2. Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India |
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| Abstract: | There is little available information on the effects of temperature and CO2 enrichment on stomata anatomical characteristics of plants. Effect of these two microclimates was studied on five rose (Rosa spp.) cultivars, viz. ‘First Red’ (used as check), ‘Arjun’, ‘Raktima’, ‘Raktagandha’ and ‘Pusa Pitamber’. Budded, single-stemmed rose cultivars having five lateral buds were grown in controlled environment growth cabinets under enriched CO2 (1000 μmol mol−1) and optimum (28/18 °C, T0) or high (35/25 °C, T1) temperature for 50 days. All observations were made on the abaxial leaf surface. Significant increases in stomatal density (68.7%), index (29.6%) and epidermal cell density (37.3%) were recorded in plants grown at high temperature over control with CO2 enrichment. The cultivars responded differently in terms of length and width of guard cell and stoma (pore) under high temperature, however, the values averaged over treatments showed a significant reduction in these parameters. Further, number of stomata per leaf was higher (28.3%) in plants grown at high temperature, except First Red. A reduction in mean leaf area (26.7%) and dry mass (32.0%) was recorded at high rather than optimum temperature. The specific leaf area was maximum in Arjun (87%) while in First Red, a 14% reduction was noted at high temperature. |
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| Keywords: | Temperature CO2 enrichment Rose cultivars Stomatal density and index Epidermal cell density Guard cell size Stoma (pore) size Stomatal size (area) Specific leaf area Leaf area Leaf dry mass |
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