| 霜霉威吡虫啉腐霉利在结球生菜上的消解动态及相关因子的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张学杰,付萌,郭科,叶志华,王金玉,李琨,王福东.霜霉威吡虫啉腐霉利在结球生菜上的消解动态及相关因子的影响[J].农业环境保护,2010(1):180-184. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张学杰 付萌 郭科 叶志华 王金玉 李琨 王福东 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]青岛诺安检测服务有限公司,山东青岛266012 [3]中国农业科学院农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,北京100081 [4]北京天安农业发展有限公司,北京102211 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部国际合作项目“中欧食品质量与安全体系建设研究”（2004DFA06600） |
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| 摘 要： | 通过开展结球生菜生产中所用主要农药--霜霉威、吡虫啉、腐霉利的消解规律研究,探讨生菜农药消解与农药种类、浓度及外部因子的关系,为结球生菜生产过程中的安全管理提供参考依据。以目前我国生产上主要使用的结球生菜品种--＂皇帝＂为材料,2007年春季露地种植,按霜霉威、腐霉利、吡虫啉最大推荐用量（计算浓度分别为1203.3、500.0、40.0mg·kg-1）和最大推荐用量的2倍（计算浓度分别为2406.6、1000.0、80.0mg·kg-1）两个农药剂量处理,分别于6月6日施药后当日、2、6、9d取样测定农药残留含量,并记录环境因子温度、光照的变化。结果表明,不论是按最大推荐用量还是最大推荐用量2倍喷施,吡虫啉、霜霉威、腐霉利在生菜上均表现为起始和最后阶段消解快、中间阶段消解平缓的特点;按日本肯定列表制度对生菜吡虫啉、霜霉威和腐霉利最大残留限量（分别为5.0、10.0和5.0mg·kg-1）要求,对于吡虫啉,即使按最大推荐用量2倍喷施,其喷施8h后的残留量仅为1.5mg·kg-1,说明春季露地生菜上喷施吡虫啉的安全性较高;对于霜霉威,按最大推荐用量喷施,施药6d后的残留量为10.7mg·kg-1,接近肯定列表制度的要求，施药9d后的残留量降至8．4mg·kg-1，表明霜霉威自喷药至采收的间隔期应至少在7d以上才可能是安全的；对于腐霉利，到试验结束时，不论何种喷施浓度，其残留量均超过5．0mg·kg-1的要求，其使用安全性需要引起重视。在影响吡虫啉、霜霉威、腐霉利在生菜上消解的因素方面，统计分析表明，外部因子（时间、温度、光照）对3种农药消解具有显著作用（P〈0．05），农药种类在对其消解率影响方面达到极显著差异（P〈0．01），其中吡虫啉最易消解，其次为霜霉威，腐霉利消解最慢，但3种农药喷施浓度的高低对各自消解率均无显著影响（P〉0．05）。
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| 关 键 词： | 结球生菜 霜霉威 吡虫啉 腐霉利 农药 消解 |
Residue Dynamics of Pesticides in Head Lettuce and the Impact of Related Factors |
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| ZHANG Xue-jie,FU Meng,GUO Ke,YE Zhi-hua,WANG Jin-yu,LI Kun,WANG Fu-dong.Residue Dynamics of Pesticides in Head Lettuce and the Impact of Related Factors[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2010(1):180-184. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xue-jie FU Meng GUO Ke YE Zhi-hua WANG Jin-yu LI Kun WANG Fu-dong |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of vegetables and Flowers, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China; 2.Sino Analytica, Qindao 266012, China; 3.Institute of Quality Stan- dards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China; 4.Tian An Agriculture Co. Beijing 102211, China) |
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| Abstract: | The residue dynamics of pesticides including imidaclapaid, propamocarb and procymidone in head lettuce （Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.）, was investigated and the impact of pesticide variety, concentration and other outer factors on the pesticides residues were also analyzed, which aimed to improve the safety producing management of head lettuce. Lettuce, ＂Emperor＂variety, was planted in spring openfield,2007, two different doses, recommended dose and two times of recommended dose, of propamocarb, procymidone and imidaclapaidwere were sprayed on the lettuce on June 6th, of which estimated concentration were 1 203.3 mg .kg-1, 500.0 mg .kg-1, 40.0 mg .kg-1, and 2 406.6 mg .kg-1, 1 000.0 mg .kg-1, 80.0 mg .kg-1 respectively, the samples were taken at inner day, 2 days, 6 days and 9 days for detecting the residue of pesticides, and outer factor like temperature and light intensity during experiment were also recorded. The results showed that whatever the spraying dose, any kind of pesticide in this study showed the same characteristic of quick degradation at initial 2 days and last stage （3 days） and gentle degradation at middle stage （4 days ）. Referring to the Japanese Positive List System（JPLS ）, for imidaclapaid, the residues of two times of recommended dose was only 1.5 mg .kg-1（5.0 mg .kg-1, MRL of JPLS） after 8 hours, suggesting that imidaclapaid had high safety when used in spring openfield production of lettuce; for propamocarb, the residue of recommended dose was 10.7 mg .kg-1 at 6 days, close to MRL 10.0 mg .kg-1 of JPLS standard, and reached 8.4 mg .kg-1 at 9 days, implicating the possible safety intervals of propamocarb was not less than 7 days; for procymidone, whatever the spraying dose, the residue was over MRL 5.0 mg .kg-1 of JPLS standard, suggesting the safety of procymidone need to be more paid attention when used in head lettuce. Statistics showed that outer factors including time, temperature and light intensity had significant difference on the degradation rate of imidaclapaid, propamocarb and procymidone（P〉0.05 ） and there were remarkable significant differences（P〈0.01 ） among these three pesticides varieties about the impact on the degradation rate, imidaclapaid degraded rapidly, propamocarb was the next and procymidone degraded very slowly. However, there was no significant difference on the degradation rate when different concentrations of pesticides were used（P〉0.05）. |
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| Keywords: | head lettuce imidaclapaid propamocarb procymidone pesticide degradation |
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