| 北方寒区牛粪无害化处理关键技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 隋文志,胡广民,赵晓锋,刘文志,田艳洪,李鹏.北方寒区牛粪无害化处理关键技术研究[J].农业环境保护,2010(3):578-585. |
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| 作者姓名： | 隋文志 胡广民 赵晓锋 刘文志 田艳洪 李鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江省农垦科学院农畜产品综合利用研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154007 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业基金资助项目“绿色农业科学研究与示范”12课题01专题（2007-12-1） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探索北方寒区规模化养牛场牛粪无害化处理模式,确定牛粪无害化处理关键技术,编制牛粪无害化处理操作规程。2007—2008年,以牛粪为原料进行了不同调理剂、翻堆次数、接种剂和不同环境温度条件下的无害化处理试验,对牛粪无害化处理的主要指标进行了测定。结果表明,不同调理剂都能完成牛粪无害化处理过程,调理剂不同可影响堆肥的养分含量,调理剂的选择要根据应用目的而定;翻堆次数对牛粪无害化处理指标影响不大,为节省成本,可3d左右翻堆1次;不同环境温度对牛粪无害化处理进程影响较大,环境温度≥10℃时,牛粪可在7～10d内完成无害化处理,环境温度在10～-10℃时,无害化处理时间一般为15～20d,北方寒区能满足这一条件的时间是每年的4—11月;环境温度低于-10℃,需采取保温措施才能完成牛粪无害化处理过程;当环境温度较高时,接种菌剂对牛粪无害化处理进程影响不大,当环境温度较低时,接种菌剂可促进牛粪无害化处理进程。
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| 关 键 词： | 北方寒区 牛粪 无害化 关键技术 |
Key Technology of Caw Dung Composting Innocuous in Northern Cold Regions |
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| SUI Wen-zhi,HU Guang-min,ZHAO Xiao-feng,LIU Wen-zhi,TIAN Yan-hong,LI Peng.Key Technology of Caw Dung Composting Innocuous in Northern Cold Regions[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2010(3):578-585. |
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| Authors: | SUI Wen-zhi HU Guang-min ZHAO Xiao-feng LIU Wen-zhi TIAN Yan-hong LI Peng |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Agricultural and Poultry Products Comprehensive Utilization Sciences of Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Jiamusi 154007,China) |
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| Abstract: | This study aimed at optimizing the operating of cow dung composting non-hazardous treatment in large-scale cow farm in northern cold regions. Used cow dung as row material under different amendments, turning times, microbial inoculants and environment temperature conditions to make cow dung composting innocuous from 2007 to 2008, and determined indicators of innocuous. The conditioner experiment included four disposals. The results showed that rice chaff and turfy soil as conditioner could accelerate temperature rising and make com- posting innocuous while rice chaff was better than trufy. The quantity of bacteria in composting with rice chaff was more than it with turfy soil, and the quantity of fungi was opposite, both of the conditioner had little effect on the quantity of actinomyces. The lixivium of composting product had restraining effect on wheat seed and cole seed when it was diluted 10 times and had simulative effect when it was diluted 50 times, the effect of cole was better than wheat. Environmental temperature experiment used rice chaff as conditioner. The result showed that the ferment agent had little effect on composting temperature rising when environment temperature was above 10 ℃ and had accelerating effect when it was below 10 ℃. Topically, every amendments could make composting innocuous, which to choose according to the purpose of application. Turn over every two days was the most economical method since turning times had little effect on indicators of innocuous. Environment temperature affected compositing process obviously, 7 to 10 days completed innocuous process when it was above 10 ℃, the 15 to 20 days completed when it was between 10 ℃ to-10 ℃. And we must adept heat preservation measures to complete composting innocuous process when the environment temperature below-10 ℃. Bacteria and actinomyces had vigorous activities when environment temperature was low, conversely the effect of them were restrained. |
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| Keywords: | northern cold regions caw dung innocuous key technology |
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