| 秸秆腐熟剂对土壤微生物及养分的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 于建光,常志州,黄红英,叶小梅,马艳,钱玉婷.秸秆腐熟剂对土壤微生物及养分的影响[J].农业环境保护,2010(3):563-570. |
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| 作者姓名： | 于建光 常志州 黄红英 叶小梅 马艳 钱玉婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划（2006BAD17B01-01） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解本研究室于常温下筛选研制的秸秆腐熟剂在土壤中的施用效果,通过盆钵模拟培养试验,设置腐熟剂的不同施用方式（单独施用腐熟剂、配施葡萄糖、配施尿素、配施尿素与葡萄糖）,研究小麦秸秆还田施用秸秆腐熟剂后土壤微生物群落特征及养分含量变化,为该秸秆腐熟剂的产品化及合理施用提供理论依据。结果表明,秸秆腐熟剂以不同施用方式进入土壤后,土壤的微生物群落组成与活性相应发生显著变化,AWCD、Shannon多样性指数（H）、物种丰富度（S）均增大,早期土壤中细菌和真菌数量增加,腐熟剂与尿素的配合施用使土壤的基础呼吸和微生物代谢熵显著下降（P〈0.05）;腐熟剂施用加快了小麦秸秆的腐解速度,腐熟剂施用90d后,土壤中全磷、速效磷及速效钾的含量均有不同程度的增加,腐熟剂与尿素的配合施用增幅显著（P〈0.05）。在秸秆还田时,施用腐熟剂有助于土壤微生物群落活性与多样性的提高,同时也有利于改善土壤养分状况,腐熟剂与尿素配合施用的效果最佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆 腐熟剂 微生物 土壤养分 |
Effect of Microbial Inoculants for Straw Decomposing on Soil Microorganisms and the Nutrients |
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| YU Jian-guang,CHANG Zhi-zhou,HUANG Hong-ying,YE Xiao-mei,MA Yan,QIAN Yu-ting.Effect of Microbial Inoculants for Straw Decomposing on Soil Microorganisms and the Nutrients[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2010(3):563-570. |
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| Authors: | YU Jian-guang CHANG Zhi-zhou HUANG Hong-ying YE Xiao-mei MA Yan QIAN Yu-ting |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China) |
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| Abstract: | Crop straw returning to field is an important way in the maintenance of agro-ecosystem since it could enhance soil fertility and improve soil structure. In wheat-rice rotation region, microbial inoculants for straw decomposing, which could accelerate straw decomposition and mitigate short-term disadvantage, usually is adopted as an important agricultural measure after crop harvest. We obtained a microbial agent from natural condition and got the inoculants culture. A pot experiment was conducted with different utilization methods of the inoculants for the purpose of assessing its effects on straw decomposition, microbial community and nutrient in wheat straw-incorporation soils. Four application methods of inoculants were established as follows：inoculants（I）, inoculants plus glucose（IC）, inoculants plus urine（IN）, inoculants plus urine and glucose（INC）. In this research, average well color developmen（tAWCD）and soil microbial diversity were determined by Biolog Eco micro-plate technique, microbial populations of soil were estimated by plate count method, and soil basal respiration（BR）by titration. Metabolize quotien（tqCO2）, was calculated consequently. Soil chemical and physical properties were determined by conventional methods. The results indicated that the soil microbial community structure and activities were obviously influenced by microbial inoculants with all application methods. The values of AWCD, Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H）, and species richness（S）increased. Meanwhile, an early-stage increase of the soil bacterial and fungal populations was observed in soils treated with inoculants. In the co-application of microbial inoculants and urea, soil BR and qCO2 were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）, and the decomposition rates of wheat straw in soils were increased in the microbial inoculants application. The contents of soil total phosphorous, available phosphorous and available potassium were increased separately with different application methods of microbial inoculants after ninety days, and the increment were significan（P〈0.05） under the co-application of microbial inoculants and urea. The inoculants were helpful to increase soil microbial activity and diversity and to amend soil nutrient property in straw-incorporated soils. |
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| Keywords: | straw inoculants microbe soil nutrient |
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