Interactive effects of elevated CO2, nitrogen and drought on leaf area,stomatal conductance,and evapotranspiration of wheat |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Creswick VIC 3363 Australia;2. Centre for Agricultural Innovation, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;3. Agriculture Victoria, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham VIC 3401, Australia;4. CSIRO Data61, Goods Shed North, 34 Village St, Docklands VIC 3008, Australia;5. Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity Australia, Rockhampton Qld 4700, Australia;6. Centre for AgriBioscience, AGRIBIO, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora VIC 3083, Australia;7. School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;8. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga NSW 2650, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China;2. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;3. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 461, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;4. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | Atmospheric CO2 enrichment may bring different effects on plant growth and evapotranspiration if plants are under N and water deficient conditions. In this study, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in pots at two atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ambient and elevated), two levels of soil moisture (well-watered and droughted to 45–60% of field capacity) and five nitrogen (N) fertilization treatments (0, 112.5, 225.0, 337.5, 450.0 kg hm−2) in growth chambers. Leaf growth, leaf area, and tiller increment were largely a function of N application and water supply. Elevated CO2 increased 23–45% in leaf area only with the N-added treatments 55 days after sowing. Elevated CO2 also reduced stomatal conductance more in droughted treatments (−51%) than in well-watered treatments (−41%), and more with zero N application (−60%) than with the adequate N (−35 to 44%). Evapotranspiration (ET) was also reduced by CO2 enrichment in a similar way. Our results showed that the CO2-enrichment-induced decrease in transpiration almost compensated for the increase in ET brought by the higher leaf area under adequate N and water supply, such that ET was similar for control and CO2-enriched plants. Under reduced N and water supply, CO2 enrichment had limited effect on either leaf growth or ET. |
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