Genetic Erosion from Modern Varieties into Traditional Upland Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) in Northern Thailand |
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| Authors: | R Ishikawa S Yamanaka Y Fukuta S Chitrakon C Bounphanousay K Kanyavong L-H Tang I Nakamura T Sato Y-I Sato |
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| Institution: | (1) Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan;(2) Gene Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;(3) Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biochemistry Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines;(4) Rice Research Center, Thanyabury, Pathum Thani, 12110, Thailand;(5) National Agriculture Research Center-Vientiane, P.O. Box 811, Napok, Vientiane, Lao PDR;(6) Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China;(7) Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Matsudo 271-0092, Japan;(8) Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;(9) Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 335 Takashima-cho, Marutamachi-dori Kawaramachi nishi-iru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0878 |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of genetic erosion of traditional upland germplasm in northern Thailand
as a result of gene-flow from distinct strains carrying different genotypes. Even modern variety specific markers have not
been developed, there is a comparative population in Laos. Thus, both populations were compared with various characters to
evaluate gene-flow from modern variety to landraces. Glutinous and glabrous strains are predominated in Laos. However, such
strains were drastically decreased in north–east Thailand. Gene diversity is higher in Thailand, compared to Laos at seven
isozyme loci. This was a result of the higher frequencies of Indica strains and heterozygotes in Thailand. Plastid type was
also determined by using an INDEL marker. Nearly half of Indica strains carried the Japonica plastid. Heterozygotes also tended
to carry Japonica cytoplasm. Such nuclear–cytoplasm substituted strains and heterozygotes were probably generated by natural
hybridization. Japonica strains tended to be a maternal donor rather than Indica ones. Or Indica strains would easily release
pollens, which grow outside of upland fields. |
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| Keywords: | Genetic erosion Isozyme Northern Thailand Plastid type Upland rice (Oryza sativa L ) |
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