| 考虑随机载荷自适应补偿的PST换挡策略与硬件在环试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 傅生辉,张延安,张稳,毛恩荣,王光明,杜岳峰.考虑随机载荷自适应补偿的PST换挡策略与硬件在环试验[J].农业机械学报,2022,53(9):408-416. |
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| 作者姓名： | 傅生辉 张延安 张稳 毛恩荣 王光明 杜岳峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学;山东农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0700101） |
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| 摘 要： | 大功率动力换挡拖拉机作业环境复杂多变，密集布置的挡位和田间载荷波动极易导致频繁随机换挡，破坏拖拉机工况稳定性，影响其性能和作业质量。为解决拖拉机作业过程中随机载荷波动引发的频繁换挡问题，本文提出一种考虑随机载荷自适应修正的换挡控制策略。首先，以油门开度、滑转率和车速为换挡参数，制定变速箱理论换挡规律；然后，引入随机载荷变异系数、油门开度变化量及稳态载荷变化量等3个修正参数，通过模糊规则计算随机载荷波动下的换挡修正量。同时，结合收敛型换挡延迟策略，轻负荷或运输工况采用理论降挡，重负荷作业采用自适应升挡延迟，载荷波动越大，升挡延迟量越大；基于AMESim和Simulink建立了拖拉机传动系统模型，并搭建了大功率拖拉机变速箱控制系统硬件在环仿真平台，开展了不同作业工况下的换挡控制仿真验证。结果表明，所提换挡策略在道路运输工况和犁耕工况下的换挡次数较传统换挡策略分别低63.16%、45%，且燃油消耗量分别为0.76、0.47kg，较传统换挡策略分别低0.51%、1.03%。在保证作业牵引力的同时，该控制策略可有效抑制随机载荷波动引发的频繁随机换挡，同时兼顾了整车动力性和燃油经济性。
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| 关 键 词： | 大功率拖拉机 动力换挡变速箱 随机载荷 自适应补偿 换挡策略 硬件在环 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/11/12 0:00:00 |
PST Shift Strategy and Hardware in Loop Test Considering Adaptive Compensation of Random Load |
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| Institution: | China Agricultural University;Shandong Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | Due to the complex and changeable operating environment of the high power tractor, the densely arranged gears of the power shift transmission (PST) or field random load fluctuations could easily lead to frequent and random shifts, destroying the stability of the working conditions and affecting the performance and operating quality. Therefore, to solve the problem caused by random load fluctuations during tractor operation, a shift strategy by the adaptive correction of random loads was proposed. Firstly, the throttle opening, slip rate and vehicle speed were chosen as the control parameters to calculate the theoretical shift schedule of PST. Then, three correction parameters such as random load variation coefficient, throttle opening change and steady state load change were introduced to calculate the shift correction under random load fluctuations through fuzzy rules. Combined with the convergent shift delay strategy, the light load or the transportation condition adopted the theoretical downshift law, and the heavy-duty operation adopted the adaptive upshift delay, the larger the load fluctuation was, the larger the upshift delay was. In addition, a high-power tractor hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for the test of the gearbox control system was designed and developed. The tractor transmission system model based on AMESim and Simulink was used to test the performance of the transmission control system under different operating conditions. The simulation results showed that under road transportation and plowing conditions, the shift times of the proposed shift strategy were 63.16% and 45% lower than that of the traditional shift strategy, respectively, and the fuel consumption of the proposed shift strategy were 0.76kg and 0.47kg, which were 0.51% and 1.03% lower than that of the traditional control strategy, respectively. The strategy could effectively suppress frequent random shifts caused by random load fluctuations and balance the power and fuel economy of the tractor. |
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| Keywords: | high-power tractor power shift transmission random load adaptive compensation shift strategy hardware in loop |
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