| 长期蔬菜种植对菜地土壤剖面硝酸盐分布和地下水硝态氮含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐运清,秦红灵,全智,魏文学.长期蔬菜种植对菜地土壤剖面硝酸盐分布和地下水硝态氮含量的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(6):1080-1085. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐运清 秦红灵 全智 魏文学 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖北工程学院, 湖北 孝感 432000,中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 湖南 长沙 410125,中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 湖南 长沙 410125,中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 湖南 长沙 410125 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41271280）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD14B03） |
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| 摘 要： | 蔬菜种植具有集约化程度高和施肥量大等特点,但长期种植蔬菜对深层土壤硝酸盐含量与分布的影响及其与地下水NO3--N含量的关系尚需深入分析。以湖南长沙县黄兴镇蔬菜基地为研究对象,采集不同种植年限菜地的浅层地下水、0-100 cm土壤剖面样品和植物样品等分析NO3--N含量,探讨长期蔬菜种植对菜地土壤剖面硝酸盐分布和地下水硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,蔬菜种植年限对地下水NO3--N含量影响明显(P0.05),老菜地区域地下水NO3--N含量为29-41 mg/L,均比新菜地区域高10 mg/L。菜地土壤剖面中NO3--N含量与蔬菜种植年限关系密切,当种植年限增加到20-30 a后,蔬菜土壤出现严重硝酸盐累积现象,0-100 cm共累积了NO3--N 602.3kg/hm2,耕层土壤及地下水中的NO3--N含量均与氮肥投入量正相关(P0.05)。研究表明,长期种植蔬菜土壤(20-30 a)不仅在0-100 cm土层中积累大量的硝酸盐,而且导致地下水中和蔬菜中NO3--N含量超标。因此,蔬菜种植需要通过科学施肥方法严格控制氮肥投入,拟达到环境和食品安全目的。
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| 关 键 词： | 地下水 土壤剖面 NO3--N含量 蔬菜种植 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/11/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 5/5/2015 12:00:00 AM |
Effects of long-term vegetable cultivation on the NO3--N contents in soil profile and groundwater |
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| XU Yun-qing,QIN Hong-ling,QUAN Zhi and WEI Wen-xue.Effects of long-term vegetable cultivation on the NO3--N contents in soil profile and groundwater[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2015,36(6):1080-1085. |
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| Authors: | XU Yun-qing QIN Hong-ling QUAN Zhi and WEI Wen-xue |
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| Institution: | Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China and Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China |
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| Abstract: | Vegetable cultivation is featured with high intensification and huge fertilizer application. It is unclear that the effects of long-term vegetable cultivation on the NO3--N contents in soil profile and groundwater. In this study, a vegetable production base in the Huangxing town of Changsha County was selected to collect 0-100 cm soil profile samples, shallow groundwater and plant samples, and to analyze the effects of the long-term vegetable cultivation on the NO3--N accumulation in soil profile and groundwater. The results showed that the long-term vegetable cultivation increased the NO3--N concentration in groundwater (ranged from 29 to 41 mg/L), which was increased by 10 mg/L more than that in the short-term vegetable cultivation area. The NO3--N contents were closely related to the duration of the vegetable cultivation (P<0.05). When the vegetable cultivation went for 20-30 years, it induced a significant NO3--N accumulation (602.3 kg/hm2) in the 0-100 m soil profile. Meanwhile, the NO3--N concentration in groundwater and soil were also related to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the long-term vegetable cultivation induced the NO3--N accumulation not only in the 0-100 cm soil profile but also in the underneath groundwater. Therefore, in order to achieve environmental and food safety, the vegetable cultivation needs to be strictly controlled with the nitrogen inputs based on scientific fertilization methods. |
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| Keywords: | underground water soil profile NO3--N content vegetable cultivation |
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