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Anti-inflammatory activities of cucurbitacin E isolated from Citrullus lanatus var. citroides: role of reactive nitrogen species and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition |
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| Authors: | Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim Hassan Loiy Elsir Ahmed Sirat Hasnah Mohd Yagi Sakina M Ahmed Koko Waleed S Mohan Syam Taha Manal Mohamed Elhassan Ahmad Syahida Chuen Cheah Shiau Narrima Putri Rais Mohd Mustafa Hadi A Hamid A |
| Institution: | aDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;bDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan;cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia;dMedicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan;eCentre of Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;fFaculty of Biotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia |
| Abstract: | The in vivo and in vitro mechanistic anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin E (CE) (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were examined. The results showed that LPS/INF-γ increased NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas L-NAME and CE curtailed it. CE did not reveal any cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 and WRL-68 cells. CE inhibited both COX enzymes with more selectivity toward COX-2. Intraperitoneal injection of CE significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that CE is not a potent ROS scavenger. It could be concluded that CE is potentially useful in treating inflammation through the inhibition of COX and RNS but not ROS. |
| Keywords: | Cucurbitacin E Wild melon Cyclooxygenase enzymes: reactive nitrogen species RAW 264 7 macrophage |
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