| 连续亏缺灌溉与根系分区灌溉对苹果幼树根系生长的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘贤赵,刘德林.连续亏缺灌溉与根系分区灌溉对苹果幼树根系生长的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1199-1205. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘贤赵 刘德林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 鲁东大学地理与规划学院,烟台,264025
2. 河南理工大学应急管理学院,焦作,454003 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2007E12)和烟台市科技攻关项目(2010163) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用传统盆栽方法,于2007年5～10月在山东省烟台市农业科学院果树研究所实验果园进行了常规灌溉Conventional irrigation,CI,在树盘两侧按100%的蒸发量(直径为120mm的蒸发皿测定)进行灌溉]、根系分区灌溉(Partial root-zonei rrigation,PRI,灌溉水量为CI的50%,树盘两侧交替灌溉)和连续亏缺灌溉(Continuous deficit imigation,CDI,灌溉水量为CI的50%,树盘两侧均匀灌溉)试验,研究了3种灌溉模式对2龄苹果幼树(品种为"长富2号")根系生长的影响。结果表明:PRI处理的根长比CI和CDI处理长,CDI处理最短;PRI处理显著促进了直径2mm的吸收根的生长,但吸收根对增加总根干物质量贡献不显著。3种灌溉处理的苹果幼树根系生物量积累近似"S"形曲线。由于PRI处理的土壤含水量适宜,土壤通气性较好,其根系活力、生长速度和最终根干物质量都明显大于其他处理;CI处理土壤水分过于充足,根系生长出现避水性,因而根系生长相对缓慢,根系活力下降,根生物量介于CDI和PRI之间;CDI处理因土壤持续干旱,根系活力和根干物质量最小。3种灌溉处理的根冠比随灌溉时间的增加呈下降趋势,CI的下降幅度大于CDI和PRI,PRI的根冠比最大(处理90d时以CDI处理的根冠比最大),CI的根冠比最小,CDI介于二者之间。说明在供水量减少50%的情况下,PRI灌水方式可促进苹果幼树根系的生长,而持续湿润或干燥均不利于根系的生长。
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| 关 键 词： | 根系分区灌溉 连续亏缺灌溉 苹果幼树 根系生长速度 根系活力 根干物质量 根冠比 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010/4/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2010/8/13 0:00:00 |
Effects of continuous deficit irrigation and partial root-zone irrigation on root growth of young apple tree |
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| LIU Xian-Zhao and LIU De-Lin.Effects of continuous deficit irrigation and partial root-zone irrigation on root growth of young apple tree[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2010,18(6):1199-1205. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xian-Zhao and LIU De-Lin |
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| Institution: | College of Geography and Planning, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;Emergency Management School, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China |
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| Abstract: | A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different irrigation patterns on root growth in 2-year-old apple trees (Malus pumila Mill. cv. Changfu No. 2). In the traditional pot experiments, the 2-year-old apple trees were subjected to conventional irrigation (CI; i.e., irrigation amount is 100% evaporation, measured with 120 mm diameter pans, on both sides of the root system), continuous deficit irrigation (CDI; i.e., irrigation amount is 50% CI on both sides of the root system), and partial root-zone irrigation (PRI; i.e., irrigation amount is 50% CI alternatively on one side of the root system) in Experimental Orchard of Fruit Research Institute, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences in May to October of 2007. The results show that root length under PRI treatment is longer than that under CI treatment. Apple root length is shortest under CDI treatment. PRI treatment significantly promotes growth of absorbing roots with diameters less than 2 mm without obvious increase in total root dry weight. Curves of root biomass accumulation in young apple trees follow a typical sigmoid curve, corresponding to the three irrigation treatments. It is noted that high apple root growth rate and maximum root weight coincide with extremely high root vitality under PRI treatment. This is attributed to the good soil aeration, resulting from suitable soil moisture conditions. Compared with PRI, slower root growth rate and lower root vitality are observed under CI treatment due to beyond suitable soil water content. This coincides with lower root biomass, ranging between the other two treatments. Both root activity and root weight are the lowest under CDI treatment, probably due to persistent dry soils. For the three irrigation treatments, root-shoot ratios decline with increasing treatment time. Root-shoot ratio is highest under PRI treatment and lowest under CI treatment. PRI is most beneficial to root growth in young apple trees under 50% reduction in water supply. |
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| Keywords: | Partial root-zone irrigation Continuous deficit irrigation Young apple tree Root growth rate Root vitality Root dry weight Root-shoot ratio |
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