Crisis management of water shortage in an irrigation area with a pipeline network system |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Koichi?MiyamotoEmail author Taihei?Yamamoto Hisao?Anyoji |
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| Institution: | (1) National Institute for Rural Engineering, 2-1-6 Kan-nondai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8609, Japan;(2) Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-0001, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Problems caused by water shortage in a paddy-field district with a pipeline network system are different from those in a district with an open channel system. Abnormally low rainfall in Japan caused a very serious water shortage in 1994. A survey was carried out in the Hokuriku region, about 300 km in the north of Tokyo, and a typical paddy cultivation area, to determine problems in irrigation practices caused by water shortage and to find countermeasures for the problems. The following results were obtained. A tank model was proposed to estimate water requirements at the field level. The results showed that the amount of rainfall during the irrigation period in 1994 was only 27.1% of an average year and the rate of water sufficiency at the field level was 70.6%. Then, a simulation method was proposed to estimate hydraulic phenomena in a pipeline network system. The result showed that the pipeline network system distributed water to each hydrant unequally during water shortage. Based on simulations, the methods to equalize water supply to each hydrant and to set up reuse system of water were proposed. |
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| Keywords: | Countermeasure for water drought Hydraulic simulation Paddy field irrigation Water management |
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