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Hotspots, complementarity or representativeness? designing optimal small-scale reserves for biodiversity conservation |
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| Authors: | Vassiliki Kati Pierre Devillers Marc Dufrêne Anastasios Legakis Despina Vokou Philippe Lebrun |
| Institution: | a Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, 30100, Agrinio, Greece b Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Section de Biologie de la Conservation, rue Vautier 29, B-1000, Bruxelles, Belgium c Ministère de la Région Wallonne, Centre de Recherche de la Nature, des Forêts et du Bois, Avenue Maréchal Juin, 23, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium d Department of Biology, University of Athens, Zoological Museum, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Athens, Greece e Department of Ecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Biology, UPB 119 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece f Université catholique de Louvain, Unité d'Écologie et de Biogéographie, Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Place Croix du Sud, 5, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium |
| Abstract: | Reserve networks are a major tool of ecological management aiming at biodiversity conservation. Maximizing the number of species conserved with the minimum land sacrifice is a primary requirement in reserve design. In this study, we examine the efficiency of five different scenarios to conserve: (i) the biodiversity of one target group and (ii) the overall biodiversity of an area. The study was conducted in Dadia Reserve, in northern Greece. Six groups of species were selected to represent its biodiversity: woody plants, orchids, Orthoptera, aquatic and terrestrial herpetofauna, and small terrestrial birds. The scenarios examined represent different conservation approaches to select network sites. For each approach, the starting point was one of the above six groups of species, considered as the target group. In scenario A, which reflects the hotspot approach, the sites richest in species are selected. Scenario B selects the sites most complementary in terms of species richness. The next two scenarios use the principle of environmental representativeness, expressed in terms of habitat (scenario C) or vegetation (scenario D). Under scenario E, sites forming the network are selected at random. The rank of scenarios in terms of preserving the species of the target group was always B > A > C > D > E, irrespective of the group considered as target group. Their rank, when preservation of the total biodiversity was the issue, was B, A > C, D > E. |
| Keywords: | Reserve design Ecological networking Biodiversity Conservation Complementarity |
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