RAPD Polymorphism of the White-Flowered Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Landraces and its Wild Relatives in Kenya |
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| Authors: | Yasuyuki Morimoto Patrick Maundu Makoto Kawase Hiroshi Fujimaki Hiroko Morishima |
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| Institution: | (1) International Plant Genetic Resource Institute (IPGRI), Sub-Saharan Africa regional office, c/o ICRAF, PO Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya;(2) Kenya Resource Centre for Indigenous Knowledge (KENRIK), the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), PO Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya;(3) Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan;(4) Genebank, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The present study was performed to investigate genetic diversity of Kenyan landraces of the white-flowered gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), which exhibits tremendous morphological variation. RAPD analyses were performed on 53 landraces of the cultivated species
L. siceraria and 42 accessions of three wild species (40 L. sphaerica, 1 L. abyssinica, and 1 L. breviflora). A total of 432 polymorphic bands were detected using 54 primers. The four species were clearly differentiated from one
another. Intra-specific variations were investigated with L. siceraria and its wild relative L. sphaerica. Landraces of the cultivated species collected from different ethnic communities or regions were differentiated. Morphological
variations were not associated with RAPD variations. Bitter landraces collected in Maasai communities showed two specific
RAPD bands. In the wild species, accessions collected from the eastern and western sides of the Great Rift Valley were genetically
differentiated from each other. In both species, genetic and geographical distance matrices computed among all pairs of accessions
were significantly correlated, implying that the observed geographical variation can be explained by the 'Isolation by distance
model'. Progeny plants derived from a common mother in L. siceraria showed a low level of segregation in RAPD pattern, suggesting that collected landraces are cultivated, maintaining their
inherent traits although they are monoecious and insect-pollinated, whereas the wild relative L. sphaerica showed a higher level of segregation. The morphological diversity observed among landraces of L. siceraria is the result of human selection and their genetic identities are maintained by inbreeding probably resulting from frequent
self-pollination. |
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| Keywords: | Genetic diversity Lagenaria siceraria Landrace differentiation RAPD markers |
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