| 淡水鱼水平往复振动头尾定向输送方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 万鹏,郭三琴,杨俊,赵竣威,谭鹤群,朱明.淡水鱼水平往复振动头尾定向输送方法[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(4):40-48. |
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| 作者姓名： | 万鹏 郭三琴 杨俊 赵竣威 谭鹤群 朱明 |
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| 作者单位： | .华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070；2.农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室，武汉 430070;1.华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070;1.华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070；2.农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室，武汉 430070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0700903-2）；湖北省农业科技创新中心创新团队项目（2016620000001044）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目（107-11041910103) |
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| 摘 要： | 淡水鱼的头尾定向输送是进行鱼体自动化加工的基础。该研究针对淡水鱼头尾定向主要依靠人工进行、劳动强度大、机械化程度低等问题,以典型大宗淡水鱼为研究对象,基于水平往复振动原理开展淡水鱼头尾定向输送方法分析,并进行相关试验。首先探讨了鱼体在不同表面结构输送带上的摩擦特性,分析了实现鱼体头尾定向的可行性;然后基于水平往复振动原理提出实现淡水鱼鱼体头尾定向输送的方法,并对鱼体的头尾定向输送过程进行分析;最后以4种典型淡水鱼为试验对象,以完成鱼体定向输送所需时间为评价指标,对影响淡水鱼鱼体头尾定向输送效果的主要因素进行试验,探究了输送带类型、鱼鳞状态、振动频率、振幅等对鱼体头尾定向输送效果的影响规律,并进行了双因素无重复试验。试验结果表明:当输送带表面结构为倒三角结构时,鱼体的定向输送效果较好;鱼体表面有鳞或去鳞情况下都可实现鱼体的头尾定向,其中有鳞鱼体的头尾定向输送所需平均时间为2.42 s,去鳞鱼体的头尾定向输送所需平均时间为3.39 s;以带鳞鲫鱼为例,当振动频率为5 Hz,振幅为120 mm时,实现鱼体头尾定向输送的时间为2.65 s;当振动频率为5 Hz,振幅为120 mm时,4种淡水鱼带鳞状态下的鱼体定向输送平均时间为2.45 s,去鳞状态下的定向输送平均时间为3.43 s。研究结果可为淡水鱼鱼体定向设备的研发提供理论依据和技术参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 渔业 加工 水产养殖 头尾定向 水平往复振动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/11/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/2/4 0:00:00 |
Horizontal reciprocating vibration method for head-to-tail directional transportation of fresh water fish |
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| Wan Peng,Guo Sanqin,Yang Jun,Zhao Junwei,Tan Hequn,Zhu Ming.Horizontal reciprocating vibration method for head-to-tail directional transportation of fresh water fish[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(4):40-48. |
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| Authors: | Wan Peng Guo Sanqin Yang Jun Zhao Junwei Tan Hequn Zhu Ming |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Head-to-tail directional transportation of freshwater fish is essential to the automatic pre-processing of fish bodies. However, the current orientation of freshwater fish from the head to tail depends mainly on the manual operation with the high labor intensity and low mechanization. In this study, the typical bulk freshwater fish was taken as the research object. A novel reciprocating vibration was utilized to explore the directional transportation of freshwater fish parallel to the head-to-tail axis. The experimental procedure was: 1)The friction characteristics of fish bodies were determined on the conveyor belts with different surface structures, thereby analyzing the orientation feasibility of fish bodies from head to tail in the horizontal direction. 2) A reciprocating vibration system was proposed to realize the head-to-tail directional transportation of fish bodies with constant orientation with respect to the head-to-tail axis. A test device was designed to verify if the trial-produced response followed the predefined characteristics. 3) An orthogonal experiment was conducted to clarify the effect of main factors on directional transportation of freshwater fish from the head to tail. The main factors included the type of conveyor belt, fish scale, vibration frequency, and amplitude. Four types of freshwater fish were used in the test. The duration for the directional transportation of fish body was selected as the indicator. The test results show that the directional transport effect of fish body was the best, when the surface structure of conveyor belt was an inverted triangle structure. The head-to-tail orientation of fish body was achieved when the surface of fish body was scaled or removed. Specifically, the average time was 2.42 s for the directional transportation of fish bodies with scale, whereas, the average time was 3.39 s for those without scale. In Crucian carp with scales, when the vibration frequency was 5 Hz and the amplitude was 120 mm, the head-to-tail directional transportation of fish was achieved, where the duration of directional transportation was 2.65±0.18 s. In 4 types of freshwater fish, when the vibration frequency was 5 Hz and the amplitude was 120 mm, the average time was 2.45±0.21 s for directional transportation of fish with scale, and the average time was 3.43±0.23 s for that without scale. The research finding can provide the theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of freshwater fish bodies in potential orientation equipment. |
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| Keywords: | fisheries processing aquaculture head-to-tail orientation horizontal reciprocating vibration |
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