| 脱粒滚筒结构形式对大豆机收质量影响的试验研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 金诚谦,康艳,郭红星,王廷恩,印祥.脱粒滚筒结构形式对大豆机收质量影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(4):49-58. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 金诚谦 康艳 郭红星 王廷恩 印祥 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院，淄博 255000；2.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，南京 210014 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX(20)1007）；江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目（NJ2020-60）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS-04-PS26） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为研究不同脱粒滚筒结构形式对大豆机收质量的影响,探索不同含水率下较佳脱粒参数匹配,该研究以不同含水率的大豆为试验材料,提出元件可更换的脱粒滚筒设计思路,选取弓齿、纹杆和杆齿作为脱粒元件,分别组装成纹杆-杆齿组合式、开式杆齿和闭式弓齿脱粒滚筒。以前进速度、滚筒转速、脱粒间隙和导流板角度为试验因素,破碎率和未脱净率为评价指标,设计单因素试验,分析各因素对评价指标的影响规律;根据单因素试验结果,设计四因素三水平正交试验,分析各影响因素对评价指标的影响显著性,得到优化作业参数组合,并进行验证试验。试验结果表明:前进速度和滚筒转速对破碎率的影响程度较大,滚筒转速和脱粒间隙对未脱净率的影响程度较大;在低含水率收获条件下纹杆-杆齿组合式脱粒滚筒在前进速度4 km/h、滚筒转速600 r/min、脱粒间隙30 mm、导流板角度70°的情况下破碎率和未脱净率最低,分别为0.90%和0.18%;在高含水率收获条件下闭式弓齿脱粒滚筒在前进速度3 km/h、滚筒转速600 r/min、脱粒间隙25 mm、导流板角度75°的情况下破碎率和未脱净率最低,分别为1.20%和0.23%。试验结果可为谷物收获机脱粒滚筒的设计提供参考。
|
| 关 键 词： | 大豆 农业机械 脱粒滚筒 破碎率 未脱净率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/1/3 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/2/10 0:00:00 |
Experimental research on the influence of threshing roller structures on the quality of mechanically-harvested soybeans |
| |
| Jin Chengqian,Kang Yan,Guo Hongxing,Wang Ting''en,Yin Xiang.Experimental research on the influence of threshing roller structures on the quality of mechanically-harvested soybeans[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(4):49-58. |
| |
| Authors: | Jin Chengqian Kang Yan Guo Hongxing Wang Ting'en Yin Xiang |
| |
| Institution: | 1.College of agricultural engineering and food science, Shandong University of science and technology, Zibo 252000, China; 2. Nanjing Institute of agricultural mechanization, Ministry of agriculture and rural areas, Nanjing 210014, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Abstract: Grain threshing and separation are the main stages that cause grain breakage in the process of mechanized soybean harvesting. The harvest quality of soybean depends mainly on the configuration of threshing parts, particularly on the structural and performance parameters. In this study, a feasible threshing drum with replaceable components was proposed to investigate the influence of various factors in the mechanical process on the harvest quality of soybean. Lindou 11 was selected as the test material with a moisture content ranging from 10.1% -20.2% in the Linyi area. The impact of soybean machine harvest quality provided in-kind support. The arch teeth, ribs, and rod teeth were selected as the typical threshing components. The threshing drum with replaceable components was characterized by a unique drum spindle assembled by the replacing threshing bar unit and the adding fixed plate, as well as the drum shell in turn. Three types were obtained, including the rod-tooth, combined pattern rod/rod-tooth, and closed bow-tooth threshing drum. Experimental factors were selected as the forward speed, cylinder speed, threshing clearance, and angle of the guide plate. The evaluation indices of soybean were set as the seed crushing rate and un-depurated rate, according to the characteristics of soybean plants. A single factor test was designed to obtain the optimal working parameters of each influencing factor. Four factors were gained for the best drum structure and the optimal combination of operating parameters. A three-level orthogonal test was conducted to determine the significance of the influence of each influencing factor on the evaluation index. An evaluation test was designed to verify the accuracy of obtained data from the field test. The test results show that the forward speed and cylinder speed had a greater influence on the crushing rate, whereas, the cylinder speed and threshing clearance had a greater influence on the un-depurated rate. There was generally high threshing quality in the combined rod/rod-tooth threshing drum when the moisture content of soybean was in the range of 10.1%-15.4%.The influencing factors on the grain crushing rate were ranked in a descending order: the cylinder speed, forward speed, threshing clearance, and guide plate angle. The primary and secondary orders on the un-depurated rate were the cylinder speed, threshing clearance, guide plate angle, and forward speed. The threshing quality in the closed bow-tooth threshing drum was relatively high in the range of 17.8%-20.2% moisture content. The influencing factors on the grain crushing rate were as follows, the cylinder speed, forward speed, guide plate angle, and threshing clearance, where those on the un-depurated rate were in the order of threshing clearance, cylinder speed, guide plate angle, and forward speed. When the moisture content of soybean was in the range of 10.1% -15.4%, the combined bar-rod-tooth threshing drum was at a forward speed of 4km/h, a cylinder speed of 600r/min, a threshing clearance of 30mm, and a guide plate angle of 70°, where the crushing rate and un-depurated rate were the lowest, 0.90% and 0.18%, respectively. When the moisture content was in the range of 17.8%-20.2%, the closed bow-tooth threshing drum had a forward speed of 3km/h, the cylinder speed of600r/min, the threshing clearance of25mm, and the guide plate angleof75°, where the crushing rate and un-depurated rate were the lowest, 1.2% and 0.23% respectively, indicating an excellent harvest quality. The findings can provide a potential reference to design the promising threshing drum in a grain harvester. |
| |
| Keywords: | soybean agricultural machinery threshing roller crushing rate unthreshing rate |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
