| 磺酰脲类除草剂对禾谷类作物的安全性及药害研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄春艳,陈铁保,王宇,孙宝宏.磺酰脲类除草剂对禾谷类作物的安全性及药害研究[J].植物保护,2005,31(1):50-53. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄春艳 陈铁保 王宇 孙宝宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150086 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用田间小区试验方法,测定了4种磺酰脲类除草剂对玉米、小麦、谷子、高粱4种禾本科作物的安全性。结果表明,4%玉农乐悬浮剂苗后茎叶处理,有效成份推荐量40g/hm2对玉米安全,2倍量80g/hm2对玉米有轻微药害,3倍量120g/hm2对玉米药害严重,植株矮化穗小。推荐量对小麦、谷子、高粱药害严重,苗期死亡;75%宝收干悬浮剂播后苗前土壤处理,有效成分推荐量25g/hm2、2倍量50g/hm2和3倍量75g/hm2对4种作物均安全。苗后茎叶处理,3个剂量对小麦均无明显药害。推荐量对玉米安全,高粱有轻度药害,谷子药害严重,苗期死亡。2倍量玉米有轻度药害,高粱药害严重,部分苗期死亡。3倍量玉米和高粱药害严重,玉米不能恢复正常生长,高粱大部分苗期枯死;25%宝成干悬浮剂苗后茎叶处理,有效成分推荐量18.75g/hm2推荐量对玉米安全,2倍量37.5g/hm2对玉米有轻微药害,7d左右恢复正常生长。推荐量对小麦、谷子、高粱均有药害,2倍量药害严重,苗期死亡;20%豆磺隆可溶性粉剂播后苗前土壤处理,有效成份推荐量15g/hm2下对4种作物均安全,2倍量30g/hm2和3倍量45g/hm2下对玉米、小麦、谷子安全,高粱有轻度药害。苗后茎叶处理,推荐量、2倍量和3倍量对小麦均安全。推荐量对谷子安全,2倍量和3倍量谷子有轻度药害。推荐量下玉米、高粱均有药害,2倍量和3倍量药害严重,不能恢复正常生长。
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| 关 键 词： | 杂草防除 磺酰脲类除草剂 禾谷类作物 安全性 药害 |
A study on the safety and injury of sulfonylureas herbicides to cereal crops |
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| HUANG Chun-yan;CHEN Tie-bao;WANG Yu;SUN Bao-hong.A study on the safety and injury of sulfonylureas herbicides to cereal crops[J].Plant Protection,2005,31(1):50-53. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Chun-yan;CHEN Tie-bao;WANG Yu;SUN Bao-hong |
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| Institution: | Institute of Plant Protection;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Harbin 150086;China |
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| Abstract: | The effects of four sulfonylureas herbicides on fourcereal crops were tested by using the method of field trials.The results showed that nicosulfuron 4% SC was safe to corn when the normal dosage (40g/ha) was applied at post-seedling stage. Slight injury could be seen when the dosage of nicosulfuron increased to 80g/ha. The injury was serious when the nicosulfuron dosage was three times higher than normal, and the plants were short and the ears small. Serious injury to wheat, millet and sorghum could be observed when the dosage was normal (40g/ha).They all died at the seedling stage.The normal dosage (25g/ha), double dosage (50g/ha) and triple dosage (75g/ha) of thifensulfuron-methyl 75%DF were safe to corn, wheat, millet and sorghum, applied at pre-seedling stage.When applied at post-seedling stage, the three dosages of thifensulfuron-methyl were safe to wheat. Its normal dosage was safe to corn, caused slight injury to sorghum and caused serious injury to millet. Its double dosage caused slight injury to corn, serious injury to sorghum, and its triple dosage was serious injury to corn and sorghum. Rimsulfuron 25%DF, used post-seedling, with normal dosage (18.75g/ha), was safe to corn, but with double dosage (37.5g/ha), caused slight injury to corn though recovered in seven days.Its normal dosage caused stight injury to wheat, millet and sorghum, and its double dosage was serious injury to them. Chlorimuron-ethyl 20% SP, used pre-seedling, with normal dosage (15g/ha), was safe to corn, wheat, millet and sorghum, whereas its double dosage and triple dosage were safe to corn, wheat and millet, but caused injury to sorghum.Used post-seedling, its normal dosage was safe to wheat and millet,but injured corn and sorghum.Its double dosage and triple dosage were safe to wheat,but they caused slight injury to millet, serious injury to corn and sorghum. |
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| Keywords: | weed control \ sulfonylureas herbicides cereal crops safety injury |
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