| 新疆艾比湖地区不同土地利用方式土壤养分、酶活性及微生物特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张晓东,李忠,张峰.新疆艾比湖地区不同土地利用方式土壤养分、酶活性及微生物特性研究[J].水土保持研究,2017(6):91-96. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张晓东 李忠 张峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 巴音郭楞职业技术学院生物工程学院,新疆库尔勒,841000;2. 新疆库尔勒市香梨研究中心,新疆库尔勒,841000 |
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| 摘 要： | 新疆艾比湖地区在我国内陆荒漠自然生态系统中具有典型性和较高研究价值,通过对不同土地利用方式土壤进行采样和分析,系统地研究和比较了不同土地利用方式土壤酶活性及微生物特性(土壤微生物量和微生物数量)。结果表明:新疆艾比湖不同土地利用方式土壤机械组成不尽一致,黏粒含量占主导地位,粗砂粒含量相对较低,土壤总孔隙度与土壤容重变化趋势相反。不同土地利用方式对土壤养分具有较大影响,不同土地利用方式下土壤养分(有机碳、全氮、全磷)和有效养分(有效磷、有效氮、有效钾、有效锌、有效铁含量)均呈现出一致性规律,大致表现为林地草地耕地未利用地,土壤全磷在不同土地利用方式下差异均不显著(p0.05);与耕地相比,土壤微生物量碳和氮、土壤微生物数量(细菌、真菌和放线菌),土壤酶活性(土壤蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性)均有明显的增加,大致表现为:林地草地耕地未利用地;相关性分析表明,土壤微生物量碳和氮、细菌、放线菌和真菌数量、蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性均呈显著或者极显著的负相关(p0.05,p0.01);土壤有机质和全氮与蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、磷酸酶和细菌数量呈极显著正相关(p0.01),土壤有效养分与土壤微生物量碳、细菌数量和蔗糖酶活性呈显著或极显著正相关(p0.05,p0.01),说明土壤微生物量碳仍是有效养分的主要来源,其中土壤容重对土壤微生物量、微生物数量和酶活性贡献为负,土壤养分对土壤微生物量、微生物数量和酶活性贡献为正,这是造成不同土地利用方式土壤微生物量、微生物数量和酶活性差异的重要原因,其中有机质和全氮是土壤微生物量、微生物数量和酶活性的主要养分来源。
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| 关 键 词： | 艾比湖 土地利用方式 土壤养分 土壤微生物 |
Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Characteristics Under Different Land Use Patterns in Aibinur Lake Region of Xinjiang |
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| ZHANG Xiaodong,LI Zhong,ZHANG Feng.Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Characteristics Under Different Land Use Patterns in Aibinur Lake Region of Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017(6):91-96. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xiaodong LI Zhong ZHANG Feng |
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| Abstract: | The Aibinur Lake region had great position for its ecology and geography.As the essential indicators of soil quality,soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass play an important role in many soil chemical,physical and biological properties.A field experiment was conducted to determine the variation of soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass under different land use patterns in Aibinur Lake region of Xinjiang.The results are as follows.(1) Coarse silt is dominant in soil,in addition to the coarse sand grains,the land uses have significant effects on the contents of the rest fractions,the hierarchy is not obvious.The soil mechanical composition under different land use patterns was different,and the change trend of soil total porosity was contrary with the soil bulk density.The soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and soil available nutrients (available phosphorus,available potassium,available potassium zinc,available iron) had the same change trends,which decreased in the order:forestland＞grassland＞cultivated land＞unused land,while the soil total phosphorus had no significant difference under different land use patterns (p＞0.05).Compared with cultivated land,there was the significant increase in soil microbial biomass (carbon and nitrogen),soil microbial quantity (bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes) and soil enzyme activities (invertase,dehydrogenase,urease and phosphatase),which decreased in the order:forest land＞grassland＞cultivated land＞unused land.Correlation analysis showed that there was the extremely significant difference between soil microbial biomass and soil microbial quantity,soil enzyme activity (p＜0.05,p＜0.01),soil organic matter and total nitrogen had the extremely significant difference with soil enzyme activity (p＜0.01),while soil bulk density had the extremely negatively significant difference with soil microbial biomass and soil microbial quantity,soil enzyme activity,which indicated that soil microbial biomass is the main source of available nutrients,and soil pH value had the negative contribution to soil microorganism quantity and enzyme activity,while soil nutrient had the positive contribution,which was the mainly reason for the differences in soil microorganism quantity and enzyme activity.Soil organic matter and total nitrogen were the main sources of nutrients. |
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| Keywords: | Aibinur Lake land use patterns soil nutrients soil microbial |
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