Fundamental studies on wood/cellulose-plastic composites: effects of composition and cellulose dimension on the properties of cellulose/PP composite |
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| Authors: | Rashmi Kumari Hirokazu Ito Masahiro Takatani Miho Uchiyama Tadashi Okamoto |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan;(2) Material Developing Section, Product Developing Department, Yamaha Livingtec Corporation, Hamamatsu 432-4001, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Although wood/cellulose-plastic composites (WPC) of low wood/cellulose content have been more accepted worldwide and are promoted
as low-maintenance, high-durability building products, composites containing high wood/cellulose content are not yet developed
on an industrial scale. In this study, flow properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption properties of the compounds
of cellulose microfiber/polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) were investigated to understand
effects of the high cellulose content and the dimensions of the cellulose microfiber. The molding processes studied included
compression, injection, and extrusion. It was found that fluidity is not only dependent on resin content but also on the dimension
of the filler; fluidity of the compound declined with increased fiber length with the same resin content. Dispersion of the
composite was monitored by charge-coupled device (CCD) microscope. Increasing the plastic content in the cellulose-plastic
formulation improved the strength of mold in addition to the bond development between resin and filler, and the tangle of
fibers. The processing mode affected the physicomechanical properties of the cellulosic plastic. Compression-molded samples
exhibited the lowest modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the highest water absorption, while samples
that were injection-molded exhibited the highest MOR (70 MPa) and MOE (7 GPa) and low water absorption (2%). |
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| Keywords: | Cellulose-plastic composite Compression Extrusion Injection molding High wood content |
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