| 控释尿素对夏玉米产量、氮肥利用效率及土壤硝态氮的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 任翠莲,马银丽,董娴娴,张丽娟,吉艳芝.控释尿素对夏玉米产量、氮肥利用效率及土壤硝态氮的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(2):12-17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 任翠莲 马银丽 董娴娴 张丽娟 吉艳芝 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 河北农业大学资源与环境学院,河北保定,071000
2. 河北农业大学资源与环境学院,河北保定071000;河北农业大学邸洪杰土壤与环境实验室,河北保定071001 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目，农业部公益性行业科研专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 以夏玉米为研究对象,通过田间试验,比较分析不同氮水平下控释尿素与普通尿素的夏玉米产量、氮肥利用效率及土壤硝态氮间的差异。结果表明:控释尿素能显著提高玉米产量,相同氮水平下,控释尿素处理的籽粒产量较普通尿素的均有所增加,其中氮水平为75%处理的增产幅度最大,100%的处理次之,50%的最小,其增产达5.7%～28.9%。控释尿素与普通尿素的氮素表观损失量均随施肥量增加而升高,与对照不施氮处理差异显著。N肥利用率与N肥农学效率则表现为75%>50%>100%,且控释尿素处理有高于普通尿素处理的趋势,其中75%控释尿素处理的N肥利用率及N肥农学效率分别高达24.1%和17.4kg/kg。土壤剖面NO3--N含量随施氮量的增加而增加,控释尿素在夏玉米的2个氮素利用关键期(大喇叭口和抽雄)的土壤硝态氮含量均高于普通尿素,说明控释尿素在夏玉米氮素关键期能维持较高的水平以满足作物对于N素的需求,其中以75%控释尿素处理表现最好。本试验条件下,控释尿素75%的施氮水平是提高夏玉米产量、降低土壤硝态氮淋失的合理施氮量。
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| 关 键 词： | 控释尿素 玉米产量 氮肥利用效率 土壤硝态氮 |
Effects of applying controlled-release urea on the yield,nitrogen use efficiency and soil NO3——N of summer maize |
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| REN Cui-lian
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MA Yin-li
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DONG Xian-xian
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ZHANG Li-juan
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JI Yan-zhi.Effects of applying controlled-release urea on the yield,nitrogen use efficiency and soil NO3——N of summer maize[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2012,35(2):12-17. |
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| Authors: | REN Cui-lian MA Yin-li DONG Xian-xian ZHANG Li-juan JI Yan-zhi |
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| Institution: | 1(1.College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,China; 2.Lab of Soil and Environmental,DI Hong-jie,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China) |
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| Abstract: | Effects of the application of controlled-release urea and urea on the summer maize yield,N use efficiency and soil nitrate were examined through field experiment in this study.It showed that,applying controlled-release urea significantly increased the maize yield by 5.7%-28.9% in contrast to urea at the same N level,where the greatest yield increase occurred in 75% treatment followed by 100% and then 50%.Meanwhile,apparent N losses of controlled-release urea and urea application both increased with the respective N fertilization rate,which were significantly greater than CK.N use efficiency and agronomic efficiency of different treatments was inthe order of 75%>50%>100%,the trend was controlled-release urea greater than the respective urea treatment at a given N level,the N use efficiency and agronomic efficiency of 75% of control-released urea reached 24.1% and 17.4 kg/kg.Moreover,the increase of soil nitrate with N application rate was also obtained;greater soil nitrate content in the control-released urea treatments than the respective urea treatments in the critical periods of large bell and tasseling demonstrated their stronger N supply to meet the crop requirement,75% of control-released urea has the best performance.Through this study,N fertilization rate of 75% of control-released urea was identified reasonable for summer maize production and reducing nitrate leaching in soil. |
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| Keywords: | controlled-release urea maize yield nitrogen use efficiency soil nitrate |
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