| 石羊河流域灌溉春玉米发育期对气候变化的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨华.石羊河流域灌溉春玉米发育期对气候变化的响应[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(3):93-99. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州 730020;2.甘肃省武威市气象局,甘肃武威 733000 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)“干旱气象科学研究-我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理”(GYHY201506001-2);国家自然科学基金项 目“半干旱区春小麦农田干旱解除的降雨过程调控机制”(41775107)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文基于甘肃省武威农业气象试验站1981—2016年灌溉春玉米发育期观测数据,研究了石羊河流域灌溉春玉米发育期对气候变化的响应,以期为气候变暖背景下石羊河流域农业种植结构、品种调整及提高热量资源利用率等提供参考依据。采用趋势变率、秩相关分析和主成分分析等方法,分析了1981—2016年石羊河流域灌溉春玉米发育期对气候变化的响应规律。结果表明:1981—2016年灌溉春玉米播种期、乳熟期和成熟期有延后趋势,拔节期和抽雄期有提前趋势。灌溉春玉米播种期到抽雄期日数减少,抽雄期到成熟期日数增加,全生育期日数减少。1981—2008年大多数年份播种期早于适宜播种期（≥10℃活动积温初日）,2009—2016年播种期均在适宜播种期之后,成熟期绝大多数年份在初霜日之前。1981—2016年对石羊河流域灌溉春玉米影响最大的气象要素为气温,主成分分析结果显示,≥10℃活动积温初日提前、温度生长期日数增加、作物生长期的平均气温、最高气温和最低气温对生育期日数的影响比作物生长期的日照时数更显著。全球变暖背景下,石羊河流域灌溉春玉米发育期变化是作物响应气候变化和适应农业生产的共同结果。
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| 关 键 词： | 石羊河流域 灌溉春玉米 关键发育期 生育间隔日数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/9/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/12/18 0:00:00 |
Growth Stages of Irrigation Spring Maize in Shiyang River Basin: Response to Climate Change |
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| Yang Hua,Jiang Jufang,Ding Wenkui,Wang Runyuan,Cheng Qian,Li Xingyu.Growth Stages of Irrigation Spring Maize in Shiyang River Basin: Response to Climate Change[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(3):93-99. |
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| Authors: | Yang Hua Jiang Jufang Ding Wenkui Wang Runyuan Cheng Qian Li Xingyu |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reducing of China Meteorological Administration/Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020;2.Wuwei Meteorological Bureau, Wuwei Gansu 733000 |
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| Abstract: | Based on studying the response of the irrigation spring maize growth stages to climate change in Shiyang River Basin by using the observations data of the irrigation spring maize growth stages from 1981 to 2016 of Wuwei Agrometeorological Experiment Station of Gansu Province, we aim to provide references for optimizing agricultural planting structure, adjusting variety structure and increasing utilization efficiency of heat resources in the region under the background of climate warming. The trend rate, Spearman correlation analysis and the principal component analysis were conducted. The results showed that the sowing stage, milk ripening stage and maturation stage were postponed, while jointing and tasseling stages were ahead of time from 1981 to 2016. The number of days decreased from sowing stage to tasseling stage, increased from tasseling stage to maturating stage of irrigation spring maize, and the number of days of the whole growth period decreased. In most years, the sowing date was earlier than the suitable date (the first day of active accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 10°C) from 1981 to 2008, and the sowing date was later than the suitable date from 2009 to 2016, and the maturating date was earlier than the first frost date in most years. Temperature factor was the most notable during recent 36 years in Shiyang River Basin on irrigation spring maize. The principle components analysis showed that the effects of the advancing of the first day of active accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 10° C, the prolonging of temperature growth stages, the average temperature, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the growth stages were more notable than the hours of sunshine. |
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| Keywords: | Shiyang River Basin irrigation spring maize critical growth stages the numbers of interval days of growth stages |
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