| 小麦茎基腐病田间化学防治研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯小军,郭海鹏,贺亚红,许 烨,赵小宁,王保通,胡小平,李春莲.小麦茎基腐病田间化学防治研究[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(9):1515-1421. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯小军 郭海鹏 贺亚红 许 烨 赵小宁 王保通 胡小平 李春莲 |
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| 作者单位： | （1. 陕西省植物保护工作总站，西安 710003；2. 陕西渭南临渭区农技推广服务中心，陕西渭南 714000；3. 陕西富平县农技中心植保站，陕西富平 711700；4. 西北农林科技大学 植物保护学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100；5. 西北农林科技大学 农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大研发计划课题（2018YFD0200402）；陕西省农业厅专项。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了筛选出有效的小麦茎基腐病化学防治药剂和使用方法,在陕西省渭南市临渭区和富平县进行田间化学防治试验,结果表明,12%苯醚·咯·噻虫嗪、3%苯醚甲环唑、50%甲基硫菌灵拌种处理及70%甲基硫菌灵、20%氰烯·己唑醇田间喷雾对小麦种子萌发和苗期生长无不良影响。在药效上,12%苯醚·咯·噻虫嗪、3%苯醚甲环唑和50%甲基硫菌灵3种药剂拌种均能有效防治小麦茎基腐病的发生并降低田间白穗率,其中,12%苯醚·咯·噻虫嗪的防治效果最好,也能有效地降低田间白穗率。此外,在药剂拌种的基础上,结合越冬期和返青期田间喷施杀菌剂对茎基腐病的防治效果更好,可大大降低田间白穗率,其中喷施20%氰烯·己唑醇的防效好于70%甲基硫菌灵。由此可见,在小麦茎基腐病的化学防治上,宜采取药剂拌种结合早期田间喷雾的防治方式,这对小麦茎基腐病的生产防控中减少用药次数而降低农药污染,同时提高防治效果具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 茎基腐病 田间防治 |
Field Experiment of Chemical Control on Crown Rot in Wheat |
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| FENG Xiaojun,GUO Haipeng,HE Yahong,XU Ye,ZHAO Xiaoning,WANG Baotong,HU Xiaoping and LI Chunlian.Field Experiment of Chemical Control on Crown Rot in Wheat[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2019,28(9):1515-1421. |
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| Authors: | FENG Xiaojun GUO Haipeng HE Yahong XU Ye ZHAO Xiaoning WANG Baotong HU Xiaoping and LI Chunlian |
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| Abstract: | To find out effective chemical control methods to this disease, field control effect experiments of different fungicides in seed dressing and spraying in the field at different growing stage were executed at two locations, Linwei and Fuping district in Weinan, Shaanxi province. The results showed that it was no harmful effects on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat when seed dressing respectively by 12% phenylether thiothiazide, 3% difenoconazole and 50% thiophonate-methyl, and spraying by 70% thiophonate-methyl and 20% cyanohexazole alcohol had been taken to use in wheat growth. Seed dressing by three fungicides, including 12% phenylether thiothiazide, 3% difenoconazole, and 50% thiophonate-methyl, could effectively control the crown rot occurrence and greatly reduce the frequency of white head, with 12% phenylether thiothiazide of which had the best effect against to crown rot. In addition, based on the seed dressing, spraying by fungicide at the period of wintering and seedling establishment had better effect to control the disease and greatly reduced the white head in field, and the control effect of 20% cyanohexazole alcohol was better than that of 70% thiophonate-methyl. Consequently, the method combining the fungicide seed dressing and spraying at early stage was clearly an effective way to control the disease and should be applied in the field control of wheat crown rot. |
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| Keywords: | Wheat(Triticum aestivum L ) Crown rot Field control |
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