Mechanisms and diversity of resistance to sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola in Sorghum bicolor |
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| Authors: | HC Sharma BA Franzmann RG Henzell |
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| Institution: | (1) International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, 502 324, India;(2) Queensland Department of Primary Industries (QDPI), P O Box 102, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia;(3) QDPI, Hermitage Research Station, Warwick, 4370, Queensland, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett) is the most important pest of grain sorghum worldwide, and plant resistance is an important component for the
control of this pest. To identify sorghum genotypes with diverse mechanisms of resistance to sorghum midge, we studied oviposition,
larval survival, and midge damage in 27 sorghum midge-resistant genotypes, and a susceptible check under greenhouse conditions.
Observations were also recorded on floral characteristics and compensation in grain mass. Of the 28 sorghum genotypes tested,
19 showed high levels of antixenosis to oviposition as a component of resistance, and had <20% spikelets with eggs when infested
with 10 or 25 sorghum midge females per panicle under no-choice conditions in the headcage. Genotypes IS 8887, IS 10712, IS
21873, IS 21881, ICSV745, and QL 39 showed antibiosis as one of the components of resistance. Lines IS 7005, IS 10712, IS
18563, IS 21873, IS 21881, PM 15936-2,ICSV 197, and ICSV 745 showed <20% spikelets with eggs, larvae,or, midge damaged chaffy
spikelets across infestation levels, compared with >80% midge damaged spikelets in QL 12 - the susceptible check. Genotypes
showing resistance to sorghum midge have smaller glumes than the susceptible check, QL 12. However, IS 7005, IS 18653, and
ICSV745 have relatively large sized glumes, but suffered <20% midge damage suggesting that factors other than glume size also
contribute to midge resistance in sorghum. Fourteen genotypes showed >20% compensation in grain mass when the panicles were
reduced to 250 spikelets and infested with 10 or 25 midges per panicle. There is considerable diversity in sorghum genotypes
showing resistance to sorghum midge. Genotypes with diverse combination of characteristics associated with resistance to sorghum
midge can be used in breeding programs to broaden the genetic base and increase the levels of resistance to this insect.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | antibiosis diversity of resistance oviposition nonpreference resistance resistance mechanisms sorghum midge Stenodiplosis sorghicola |
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