| 高产冬小麦的硼素吸收、积累和分配 |
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| 引用本文： | 党红凯,李瑞奇,张馨文,孙亚辉,孟 建,刘红彬,李雁鸣.高产冬小麦的硼素吸收、积累和分配[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1048-1055. |
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| 作者姓名： | 党红凯 李瑞奇 张馨文 孙亚辉 孟 建 刘红彬 李雁鸣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001 |
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| 摘 要： | 2005～2006年冬小麦生长期间，通过大田取样研究了高产冬小麦（9000 kg/hm2左右）硼素吸收、积累和分配特点。结果表明，小麦地上部不同器官中硼的含量为1.15～9.56 mg/kg（干重），表现为叶片穗部叶鞘茎秆子粒。叶片和叶鞘中硼的含量从越冬期到拔节期增加，拔节到开花期下降，开花期到成熟期有较大幅度的提高，并在成熟期与其他器官同时达到高峰。各生育时期不同器官硼的积累量均以叶片最高，孕穗期前叶片中硼的积累量逐渐增加，孕穗到成熟期逐渐降低。其他器官及全株硼的积累量基本上随生育进程逐渐增加，小麦植株硼的累吸收百分率，在越冬前、起身期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和成熟期依次达到了全生育期的5%、10%、30%、40%、50%左右和100%，即全生育期硼的吸收强度以生育后期（开花至成熟）最高，生育中期（起身至开花）次之，生育前期（出苗至起身）最低。小麦地上部器官一生对硼的总积累量为59.72～78.83 g/hm2，从冬前到拔节期主要分布在叶片和叶鞘中，尤其是在叶片中的分配占绝对优势。孕穗期开始硼在叶片中的分配比例下降，但全生育期硼在叶片中的分配比例始终最高，这可能有利于保持生育中后期叶片的光合能力，为实现较高的子粒产量提供物质生产基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 冬小麦 硼 吸收 积累 分配 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-7-30 |
Absorption,accumulation and distribution of boron in high-yielding winter wheat |
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| DANG Hong-kai LI Rui-qi ZHANG Xin-wen SUN Ya-hui MENG Jian LIU Hong-bin LI Yan-ming.Absorption,accumulation and distribution of boron in high-yielding winter wheat[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2008,14(6):1048-1055. |
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| Authors: | DANG Hong-kai LI Rui-qi ZHANG Xin-wen SUN Ya-hui MENG Jian LIU Hong-bin LI Yan-ming |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted in Gaocheng County, Hebei Province during 2005-2006. Four winter wheat cultivars, TM1, SM12, SX531 and SX828, were used as experimental materials. The growing area for each cultivar was 1 ha, divided into three subplots of 3333 m2 as three replications. Plant samples were collected from the plots at each growing stage for boron (B) concentrations determination in laboratory. The main results showed that, the concentration of B in above-ground organs of wheat ranged from 1.15 to 9.56 mg/kg, with the order of leaf blade >spike >leaf sheath >stem >grain. The concentration of B in leaf blades and sheathes firstly increased from pre-winter to jointing stage, then decreased from jointing to anthesis, and then increased again during post-anthesis and reached peak at maturity. The accumulation amounts of B in leaf blades were consistently higher than other organs throughout all growing stages. The accumulation amounts of B in leaf blades increased before booting stage, but decreased after booting until maturity. The accumulation amounts of B in other organs and the whole plants were generally increased with growing processes. The accumulative percentage of B of wheat plants was 5%, 10%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% of the total accumulation at pre-winter, double ridge, jointing, booting, anthesis and maturity stage respectively. The accumulation intensity of B during late growing period (anthesis to maturity) was the highest, while it was the lowest during early growing period (seedling emergence to double ridge). The total accumulation of B in above-ground organs of wheat during its life span was 59.72–78.83 g/ha, which was mainly distributed in leaf blades and sheathes from pre-winter to jointing stage. The distribution rate of B in leaf blades decreased after booting stages, but the percentage in leaf
blades was always the highest among all above-ground organs during the whole growing period. This character of B distribution might be beneficial to high photosynthetic ability during middle and late growing period, and therefore, provide the basis of dry matter production for higher grain yield of wheat. |
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| Keywords: | winter wheat boron absorption accumulation partitioning |
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