| 不同含钾物料对土壤钾素含量动态变化影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡 敏,任 涛,廖世鹏,李继福,李小坤,丛日环,鲁剑巍.不同含钾物料对土壤钾素含量动态变化影响[J].土壤,2016,48(1):48-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡 敏 任 涛 廖世鹏 李继福 李小坤 丛日环 鲁剑巍 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070;农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉 430070 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2014BAD11B03)，公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203013)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2011PY156)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用土培试验方法,以稻草、稻草灰、硅钙钾肥、枸溶性钾肥和氯化钾肥5种含钾物料为试验材料,分别用蒸馏水、1 mol/L中性醋酸铵、2 mol/L冷硝酸、1 mol/L沸硝酸浸提测定土壤各种形态钾素,评估不同含钾物料施用对土壤钾素含量的影响。结果表明,施用含钾物料可以显著提高土壤各形态钾素含量,在等量钾素投入条件下,含钾物料的供钾能力表现出一定的差异。各含钾物料土壤水溶性钾、醋酸铵钾释放速率高低表现为氯化钾肥、稻草灰稻草、硅钙钾肥和枸溶性钾肥;与土壤水溶性钾和醋酸铵钾变化不同,土壤冷硝酸钾含量在培养前期以稻草灰、氯化钾肥和硅钙钾肥的处理显著高于枸溶性钾肥和稻草处理,但随着枸溶性钾肥和稻草钾素的释放,培养后期各处理之间差异不显著;相比于土壤水溶性钾、醋酸铵钾和冷硝酸钾含量而言,土壤沸硝酸钾含量最高,其中培养前期以稻草灰处理的土壤沸硝酸钾含量较高,稻草处理的土壤沸硝酸钾含量较低,两者含量差值可达83.75 mg/kg,经过156天培养后,其含量差值仅为6.91 mg/kg,处理间差异不显著。综合结果说明,稻草灰和氯化钾肥具有同等释放水溶性钾和醋酸铵钾的效果,其次是稻草处理,均可作为速效钾肥施用,而枸溶性钾肥和硅钙钾肥具有缓效释放特性,可与速效钾肥配合施用确保作物整个生育期对钾素的需求。
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| 关 键 词： | 钾物料 钾素形态 浸提剂 动态变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2/8/2015 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/5/21 0:00:00 |
Effects of K-bearing Materials on Dynamic Changes of Soil K Contents |
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| HU Min,REN Tao,LIAO Shi-peng,LI Ji-fu,LI Xiao-kun,CONG Ri-huan and LU Jian-wei.Effects of K-bearing Materials on Dynamic Changes of Soil K Contents[J].Soils,2016,48(1):48-52. |
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| Authors: | HU Min REN Tao LIAO Shi-peng LI Ji-fu LI Xiao-kun CONG Ri-huan and LU Jian-wei |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University and College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate the effects of different K-bearing materials on soil potassium contents, a pot experiment was carried out with five types of K-bearing materials, including straw, straw ash, Si-Ca-K fertilizer, citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and KCl. Four chemical extractants (distilled water, 1 mol/L neutral NH4OAc, 2 mol/L cold HNO3 and 1 mol/L boiling HNO3) were used to extract different forms of soil potassium. The results showed that the application of K-bearing material fertilizers could significantly increase soil potassium contents, and the contents of soil potassium forms had variant responses to K-bearing materials under the same potassium input level. The potassium release rates of water-soluble potassium and NH4OAc-K were faster for KCl and straw ash than those of straw, Si-Ca-K fertilizer and citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizers. The cold HNO3-K contents of straw ash, KCl and Si-Ca-K fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and straw treatment in the early stage. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences among K-bearing material treatments in the later stage which were associated with potassium releasing. Besides, compared with the content of water-soluble potassium, NH4OAc-K and cold HNO3-K, soil boiling HNO3 content was the highest. The treatment of KCl had the highest potassium content and that straw treatment had the lowest K content with soil boiling HNO3,The former was 83.75 mg/kg higher than the latter, but the difference value reduced to 6.91 mg/kg after 156 days (no significant difference existed). In short, straw ash and KCl which had the same release rate of water-soluble potassium and NH4OAc-K potassium and straw treatment could all serve as fast available potassium resources, while citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and Si-Ca-K fertilizer had slow-release property and could be accompanied with fast available potassium fertilizers to ensure the demand of potassium for crop growth. |
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| Keywords: | K-bearing materials Potassium forms Extractant Dynamic changes |
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