| 基于蒸腾模型决策的灌溉量对甜瓜产量及品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李建明,樊翔宇,闫芳芳,李惠,蔡东升.基于蒸腾模型决策的灌溉量对甜瓜产量及品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(21):156-162. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李建明 樊翔宇 闫芳芳 李惠 蔡东升 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学园艺学院,杨凌 712100;农业部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室,杨凌 712100;2. 西北农林科技大学园艺学院,杨凌,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31471916）；陕西省科技统筹项目（2015KTTSNY03-03）；陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目（2015NY089） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究蒸腾模型决策下不同灌溉量对甜瓜干物质、产量及品质的影响,以甜瓜品种‘绿翠宝’为试材,利用2015年温室环境数据和叶面积指数,建立甜瓜日蒸腾量模型。2016年依据蒸腾模型以不同灌溉量(80%ET、100%ET、120%ET、140%ET,ET为日蒸腾量)对模型进行验证,并对甜瓜的干物质、产量和品质做综合评价。结果表明,各因子对甜瓜蒸腾作用大小表现为叶面积指数日平均气温日平均空气相对湿度日太阳辐射强度,所建立的甜瓜日蒸腾量模型拟合较好,回归标准误差41.83 g,相对误差11.4%。蒸腾模型决策的不同灌溉量对甜瓜干物质影响显著,从伸蔓期到结果期,各处理植株的干物质总量以140%ET和120%ET最大,80%ET最小。结果期各处理果实的干物质积累表现为120%ET最大,80%ET最小。植株各器官干物质分配在伸蔓期呈现出叶茎根,开花坐果期呈现出叶果茎根,结果期呈现出果叶茎根。蒸腾模型决策的灌溉量过高或过低均使产量下降,120%ET处理产量最高为1.23 kg/株。水分利用效率随单株灌溉量的升高而降低。果实综合品质的隶属函数值排序为120%ET(4.69)100%ET(3.45)80%ET(3.34)140%ET(2.27)。综合考虑甜瓜干物质积累与分配、产量及品质因素,蒸腾模型决策的灌溉量120%ET处理效果最好,可作为最优的灌溉水平。研究可为温室甜瓜高效生产和智能化灌溉提供科学依据和决策参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 蒸腾 温室 灌溉 通径分析 干物质积累与分配 水分利用效率 隶属函数值 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/1/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/10/13 0:00:00 |
Effect of different irrigation amount based on transpiration model on yield and quality of muskmelon |
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| Li Jianming,Fan Xiangyu,Yan Fangfang,Li Hui and Cai Dongsheng.Effect of different irrigation amount based on transpiration model on yield and quality of muskmelon[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(21):156-162. |
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| Authors: | Li Jianming Fan Xiangyu Yan Fangfang Li Hui and Cai Dongsheng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;,1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China and 1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Transpiration models are important for determining crop water demand and irrigation amount. In this study, a simple transpiration model was proposed by investigating the relationship between daily transpiration and its influencing factors and the model was tested by experimental values and used for study the influence of irrigation determined by the model on growth, yield and quality of muskmelon. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse located in Yangling, Shannxi. In 2015, the irrigation was based on the measured transpiration. The leaf area index, temperature, relative humidity and photosynthetically active radiation were measured. Their relationships with transpiration were studied. Based on the relationships, the model was established. In 2016, 4 irrigation levels (80%ET, 100ET, 120ET and 140ET) were designed. The results of the irrigation level of 100%ET were used for model validation. Then the fruit biomass, yield and quality were determined. The results showed that the effect of influencing factors on the transpiration was ordered by leaf area index > daily average temperature > daily average relative humidity > intensity of solar radiation. A model was built for transpiration simulation. The determination coefficient was 0.984. The validation of model showed that the root mean square error was 41.83 g, the relative error was 11.4% and the determination coefficient was 0.937. It suggested that the model could well fit the transpiration. The irrigation experiment based on the proposed model showed that the different levels of irrigation had significant effects on dry matter accumulation and distribution. From stretching stage to fruiting stage, dry matter accumulation in different treatments was highest in the 120%ET and 140ET and lowest in the 80%ET. The dry matter accumulation of fruit in fruiting stage was the highest in the 120%ET and the lowest in the 80%ET. The dry matter distribution in the stretching stage showed leaf > stem > root, the dry matter distribution in flowering stage showed that leaf > fruit > stem > root, and the dry matter distribution in fruiting stage showed that fruit > leaf > stem > root. The yield of muskmelon declined in the low or high level of irrigation based on transpiration model and the yield of 120%ET was the highest with 1.23 kg/plant. The water use efficiency of muskmelon increased with decreasing irrigation level. The content of soluble solid, soluble protein and soluble sugar showed a rising then declined trend with the irrigation levels. The subordinate function value of fruit quality was 4.69 (120%ET) > 3.45 (100%ET) > 3.34 (80%ET) > 2.27 (140%ET). Thus, the treatment of 120%ET was the best for muskmelon growth, quality and yield. |
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| Keywords: | transpiration greenhouse irrigation path analysis dry matter accumulation and distribution water use efficiency subordinate function value |
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