| 促成栽培对芍药生长开花的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 姜楠南,房义福,温立柱,王媛,孙音,刘天裕,张义群,徐金光.促成栽培对芍药生长开花的影响[J].经济林研究,2020,38(2):215-221. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 姜楠南 房义福 温立柱 王媛 孙音 刘天裕 张义群 徐金光 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南 250014;北京林业大学花卉种质资源创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京 100083;北京林业大学国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京 100083;北京林业大学园林学院,北京 100083;山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南 250014;山东大学生命科学学院,山东青岛 266000;山东省林木种苗和花卉站,山东济南 250014;菏泽市林业局,山东菏泽 274000;山东省药乡林场,山东济南 250114 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】了解促成栽培对芍药营养生长和花器官发育的影响情况,探析芍药在促成栽培中花蕾败育的原因,以筛选出芍药的最优促成栽培方式,为其促成栽培提供理论依据和实践指导。【方法】以盆栽芍药’大富贵’为试验材料,以室外露地越冬处理为对照,分别采用低温冷藏5周、浇灌100 mg/L赤霉素450 mL、低温冷藏5周+浇灌100 mg/L赤霉素450 mL的处理方式进行促成栽培试验,于盛花期对各处理芍药的营养生长和成花指标进行调查,并使用SPAD-502叶绿素仪对叶片SPAD值进行测定,采用烘干称重法对各器官的生物量进行了测定和分析,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定花蕾中磷、钾、钙、镁、硅、硼、铜、锌、铁元素的含量。【结果】与对照组相比,各处理组芍药的株高降低了9.71%~21.3%,茎粗减少了16.88%~29.9%,小叶数目、小叶鲜质量、叶绿素含量均降低;各处理组芍药的花期提前64~112 d,枝坐蕾数减少了34.92%~65.08%,成花率下降了15.77%~31.21%;各处理组芍药全株干质量减少了10.37%~15.39%,茎、叶、花干质量占全株干质量的比例均相应降低,而根的占比升高;各处理组的花蕾败育率增加了7.77%~21.21%,其中,Ⅰ级败育蕾最多,占败育蕾总数的52.65%~57.55%,Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级败育蕾的数量依次减少,促成栽培各处理组的芍药中均未发现Ⅳ级败育蕾;Ⅱ级败育蕾中的磷元素含量较正常蕾的低39.74%其钾元素含量较正常蕾的低34.58%。【结论】浇灌100 mg/L赤霉素450 mL处理的芍药花期最早;经低温冷藏5周+浇灌100 mg/L赤霉素450 mL处理的花直径大,成花率较高;’大富贵’芍药Ⅱ级败育蕾的出现与其营养不良有关,花蕾中缺少磷、钾元素,故易发生败育现象。因此,在芍药萌芽后应定期喷施磷、钾叶面肥,这样有助于减少芍药花蕾的败育率。
|
| 关 键 词： | 芍药 促成栽培 花蕾败育 矿质元素 |
Effects of forcing culture on growth and flowering in Paeonia lactiflora |
| |
| JIANG Nannan,FANG Yifu,WEN Lizhu,WANG Yuan,SUN Yin,LIU Tianyu,ZHANG Yiqun,XU Jinguang.Effects of forcing culture on growth and flowering in Paeonia lactiflora[J].Economic Forest Researches,2020,38(2):215-221. |
| |
| Authors: | JIANG Nannan FANG Yifu WEN Lizhu WANG Yuan SUN Yin LIU Tianyu ZHANG Yiqun XU Jinguang |
| |
| Institution: | (Shandong Academy of Forestry,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Life Sciences,Shandong University,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China;Seedlings and Flowers Station in Shandong,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Heze Forestry Bureau,Heze 274000,Shandong,China;Yaoxiang Forest Farm of Shandong Province,Jinan 250114,Shandong,China) |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】To understand effects of forcing culture on nutrition growth and flower organ development in Paeonia lactiflora,to explore reasons of flower bud abortion during forcing culture,to select the best forcing culture mode in P.lactiflora,and to provide some theoretical bases and practical guidance for forcing culture.【Method】Potted P.lactiflora‘Dafugui’was used as test materials.In forcing culture test,three treatments were set,concluding refrigerating for five weeks,irrigating with 450 mL gibberellin(100 mg/L),refrigerating for five weeks+irrigating with 450 mL gibberellin(100 mg/L),and outdoor open-field overwintering treatment was set as a control.At flowing period,nutritional growth and flowering indexes in P.lactiflora in each treatment were investigated.SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter was used to measure SPAD value of leaves,biomass of each organ was measured and analyzed by using drying weighing method,and contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,Si,B,Cu,Zn and Fe in flower buds were measured by using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.【Result】Compared with control,plant height in each treatment is decreased by 9.71%-21.3%,stem diameter is decreased by 16.88%-29.9%,and leaflet number,fresh leaflet mass and chlorophyll content are decreased.In each treatment,florescence in P.lactiflora begins 64-112 d in advance,flower bud number per shoot is decreased by 34.92%-65.08%,flowering rate is decreased by 15.77%-31.21%.In each treatment,dry mass of whole P.lactiflora plant is decreased by 10.37%-15.39%,proportions of stem,leaf and flower dry mass to whole plant dry mass are decreased correspondingly,proportion of root dry mass is increased.In each treatment,flower bud abortion rate is increased by 7.77%-21.21%,and abortion flower buds at grade I is the most,accounting for 52.65%-57.55%of total number of abortion flower buds.Abortion flower bud number at gradeⅡand gradeⅢis decreased in turn,and abortion flower buds at grade IV are not found in each treatment.Compared with normal flower buds,P content in abortion flower buds at grade stage II is 39.74%lower,and K content is 34.58%lower.【Conclusion】In irrigating 450 mL gibberellin(100 mg/L)treatment,florescence in P.lactiflora is the earliest.In refrigerating for five weeks+irrigating with 450 mL gibberellin(100 mg/L)treatment,flower diameter in P.lactiflora‘Dafugui’is the most,and flowering rate is the highest.Abortion flower buds at grade II in P.lactiflora‘Dafugui’is related to malnutrition,and abortion is easy to occur due to lacking P and K in flower buds.Therefore,after P.lactiflora germinating,P and K foliar fertilizers should be sprayed regularly,which helps reduce abortion rate of flower buds in P.lactiflora. |
| |
| Keywords: | Paeonia lactiflora forcing culture flower bud abortion mineral element |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
