| 盐碱水和海水养殖条件下的拟穴青蟹生长和营养成分比较分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 方伟,刘磊,常雯,刘志国,杨建新,刘晓,母昌考,王春琳.盐碱水和海水养殖条件下的拟穴青蟹生长和营养成分比较分析[J].水产学报,2022,46(11):2143-2157. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方伟 刘磊 常雯 刘志国 杨建新 刘晓 母昌考 王春琳 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁波大学海洋学院,宁波大学海洋学院,东营市海洋发展研究院,东营市海洋发展研究院,东营市海洋发展研究院,宁波大学海洋学院,宁波大学海洋学院,宁波大学海洋学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划 (2019YFD0900405) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究不同水体条件下拟穴青蟹的生长和营养成分差异，本研究测定了黄河三角洲海水（DY）、盐碱水（ZD）及三门海水（SM）的水质离子组成，采用阿廖金分类法进行养殖水体分类；测量形态指标并计算肥满度，利用独立样本t-检验（t-Test）方法比较3种水体中养殖90和140日龄青蟹的生长；测定肝胰腺和肌肉氨基酸及脂肪酸含量，应用主成分分析和聚类分析方法分析各组青蟹氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成。结果显示，ZD组养殖水体碱度显著高于SM组（P<0.05），与DY组无显著差异（P>0.05）；3个组90日龄青蟹肥满度在0.54~0.89之间，ZD、DY组青蟹肥满度显著高于SM组（P<0.05），140日龄青蟹肥满度的组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；共测出20种氨基酸和26种脂肪酸，3个组青蟹的肝胰腺和肌肉总氨基酸含量（TAA）分别为3.94~6.87 g/100g和9.73~12.42 g/100g，SM组均为最高；3组青蟹的肝胰腺和肌肉总不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸含量（TUFA/TFA）比值分别为59.68~68.80%和70.08~73.79%，其中，ZD组青蟹肝胰腺中C20:5n-3（EPA）含量为各组最高；主成分分析和聚类分析分别显示，ZD组的青蟹的氨基酸与脂肪酸含量与其他组区分较为明显，但差异不显著（P>0.05），各组青蟹的肌肉、肝胰腺氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的聚类结果均相似。研究发现，与正常海水相比，盐碱水养殖青蟹的生长速度、肥满度及氨基酸和脂肪酸含量差异不大，部分指标占优，为保证养殖青蟹的生长速度和产量，可在盐碱水中适量补充Mg2+和K+。研究结果为盐碱水青蟹养殖和新品种培育提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 拟穴青蟹 盐碱水 生长 氨基酸 脂肪酸 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/7/19 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/10/26 0:00:00 |
Comparative analysis of growth and nutritional components of Scylla paramamosain cultured in saline-alkali water and marine water |
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| FANG Wei,LIU Lei,CHANG Wen,LIU Zhiguo,YANG Jianxin,LIU Xiao,MU Changkao,WANG Chunlin.Comparative analysis of growth and nutritional components of Scylla paramamosain cultured in saline-alkali water and marine water[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2022,46(11):2143-2157. |
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| Authors: | FANG Wei LIU Lei CHANG Wen LIU Zhiguo YANG Jianxin LIU Xiao MU Changkao WANG Chunlin |
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| Institution: | School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Dongying Ocean Development Research Institute,Dongying Ocean Development Research Institute,Dongying Ocean Development Research Institute,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University |
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| Abstract: | To explore the differences of growth and nutrient composition for Scylla paramamosain under different water conditions, Aleken classification method was used to classify the aquaculture water of the Yellow River Delta group (DY), saline-alkali group (ZD) and Sanmen group based on the ion composition; The T-test method was used to compare the growth of S. paramamosain in 3 groups by measuring the morphological indicators and calculating the condition factor. The amino and fatty acid content of hepatopancreas and muscle were measured, and principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the amino acid and fatty acid composition of each group of S. paramamosain. The results showed that the fatness of the 90-day-old crabs in 3 groups was between 0.54 and 0.89, ZD and DY groups were significantly higher than the SM group, while the 140-day-old crabs had no significant difference in the fatness between 3 groups. There are 20 kinds of amino acids and 26 kinds of fatty acids were detected. The total amino acid content (TAA) of the hepatopancreas and muscle of 3 groups of crabs were 3.94-6.87 g/100g and 9.73-12.42 g/100g, respectively, and the SM group was the highest. The ratio of total unsaturated fatty acid content of hepatopancreas and muscle of S. paramamosain to total fatty acid content (TUFA/TFA) was 59.68-68.80% and 70.08-73.79% respectively. Among others, the content of C20:5n-3 (EPA) in hepatopancreas of the ZD group was the highest in each group; the result of principal component analysis and cluster analysis respectively show that the ZD group is distinct from other groups in amino and fatty acids content, but not significantly(P>0.05), while the cluster analysis result of the amino and fatty acid content is similar in each group. This study found that compared with normal seawater, the growth rate, plumpness, amino and fatty acids content of S. paramamosain in saline-alkali aquaculture were not much different, and some indicators were dominant. To ensure the growth rate and aquaculture production, appropriate supplementation of Mg2+ and K+ in the breeding process can be used in saline-alkali water aquaculture of S. paramamosain. This study provides a reference for the breeding and the cultivation of S. paramamosain in saline-alkali water aquaculture. |
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| Keywords: | Scylla paramamosain alkali-saline water growth amino acids fatty acids |
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