Dosage Response of Rye Genes in a Wheat Background |
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| Authors: | D C Bittel A Fominaya N Jouve J P Gustafson |
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| Institution: | Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Borlaug Hall, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A;Departamento de Biologia Celular y Genetica, Universidad de Alcala de Henares, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain;United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Unit, and Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A. With 3 figures and 2 tables |
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| Abstract: | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeders often utilize alien sources to supply new genetic variation to their breeding programs. However, the alien gene complexes have not always behaved as desired when placed into a wheat background. The introgressed genes of interest may be linked to undesirable genes, expressed at low levels or not at all. The short arm of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome one (1RS) contains many valuable genes for wheat improvement. In order to study rye gene response to varying copy number, wheat lines were constructed which contained zero, two or four doses of 1RS. The meiotic behavior of rye chromosome 1R, and wheat/rye translocation chromosomes, 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS was studied in the F1 hybrids between wheat lines carrying 1R or the translocation chromosomes. The IRS arm was transmitted at a very high frequency; 98 % of the F2 plants had at least one of the chromosomes with a IRS arm. In addition, 44 % of the F2 plants received at least one copy of the chromosomes from each parent. Analysis of the meiotic behavior of the IRS arm suggested that few euploid wheat gametes were formed. Therefore, most of the pollen must have contained IRS. It is unknown whether the lack of euploid wheat pollen could account for the high transmission frequency of the rye chromosomes. There may have been differential survival of the embryos receiving the rye chromosome as well. |
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| Keywords: | Triticum aestivum Secale cereale meiosis gene dosage chromosome transmission genetic background wheat breeding |
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