| 2000年我国草原鼠害发生状况及防治对策 |
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| 引用本文： | 施大钊,钟文勤.2000年我国草原鼠害发生状况及防治对策[J].草地学报,2001,9(4):248-252. |
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| 作者姓名： | 施大钊 钟文勤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学, 北京, 100094;2. 中国科学院动物所, 北京, 100080 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;39970492; |
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| 摘 要： | 2000年我国青海、新疆、内蒙古、四川分别发生不同程度的草原鼠害,经济损失巨大。对鼠害发生区的草原以及江源地区的生态环境和水土保持造成严重破坏。草原鼠灾发生的主要特点是:害鼠以小型群居鼠类或地下生活的鼠种为主。草原害鼠加剧了草场退化和荒漠化进程。过度或不合理放牧是鼠灾“爆发”的诱发成因。本文提出防治鼠害发生的对策:建立健全鼠灾预警系统;推广综合防治示范区;讲究合理用药与用药安全;加强对牧工的培训,合理安排草场载畜量;统筹安排畜牧、环境保护与卫生部门的经费,发挥地方政府和群众及各方面积极性。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国草原鼠害 成灾原因 防治对策 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-0435(2001)04-0248-05 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001-02-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001年2月8日 |
The Damage of Rodent Occurring in China Grassland in 2000 and its ManagementStrategy |
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| SHI Da zhao ,ZHONG Wen qin.The Damage of Rodent Occurring in China Grassland in 2000 and its ManagementStrategy[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2001,9(4):248-252. |
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| Authors: | SHI Da zhao ZHONG Wen qin |
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| Institution: | 1. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;2. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China |
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| Abstract: | The damage of rodents in grassland occurred in qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, western sichuan in different level respectively and the loss was huge in 2000, which causes serious damage to local grassland and ecological environment of the river source arreas. The obvious character is followed (1)the pests are mainly small rodents living in group and those living under ground. (2) the pests increase the grassland degradation and the desert process. (3)herding excessively is the important cause leading to the rodents' outbreak. So the management strategy is suggested as followed: (1)the pests monitoring and warning system must be established soon. (2)development of the IPM district is necessary. (3)the use of rodentcides correctly and safely is required. (4)strengthen the training for herdman and arrange the capacity of grassland for heds scientifically. (4)arrange the fund overall from sectors concerned to exert the positive function of local government and common people, etc. |
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| Keywords: | Rodent damage in grassland in China Damage analysis Management strategy |
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