| 基于随机降水的冬小麦灌溉制度制定 |
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| 引用本文： | 王声锋,段爱旺,张展羽,徐建新.基于随机降水的冬小麦灌溉制度制定[J].农业工程,2010(12):47-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王声锋 段爱旺 张展羽 徐建新 |
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| 作者单位： | 1．华北水利水电学院水利学院，郑州 450011； 2．农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室，新乡 453003；;2．农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室，新乡 453003；3．中国农科院农田灌溉研究所，新乡 453003；;4．河海大学水利水电工程学院，南京 210098;1．华北水利水电学院水利学院，郑州 450011； |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室基金（CWRR200908）；重大水专项（008ZX07209）资助；华北水利水电学院高层次人才科研启动项目（200918） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了确定合理的冬小麦灌溉制度，该文在分析广利灌区30 a降水分布规律的基础上，应用蒙特卡罗方法对其进行模拟出长系列（500 a）的旬降水，结合试验所得到的冬小麦耗水的基本参数，制定出了每个模拟年份冬小麦最优灌溉制度，并对灌水规律进行统计分析，得到不同灌溉定额条件下，各生育期灌水定额的的概率分布以及不同灌水定额的高产概率。结果表明：以30 mm为灌水定额的变化步长情况下，灌溉定额为60 mm时，越冬和拔节期各应该灌30 mm，高产概率为1%；灌溉定额为120 mm时，越冬和返青期灌30 mm，拔节期灌60 mm，高产概率为12%；灌溉定额为 180 mm时，越冬和灌浆期灌30 mm，返青和拔节期灌60 mm，高产概率为62.8%；灌溉定额为240 mm时，拔节期和抽穗期灌60 mm，其他生育期灌30 mm，高产概率为98.8%。该文丰富了灌溉制度的研究方法，为冬小麦的科学灌水提供了有力的技术支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 灌溉，概率，统计，冬小麦，蒙特卡罗法，灌溉制度，随机降水 |
Winter wheat irrigation schedule on stochastic precipitation |
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| Wang Shengfeng,Duan Aiwang,Zhang Zhanyu and Xu Jianxin.Winter wheat irrigation schedule on stochastic precipitation[J].Agricultural Engineering,2010(12):47-52. |
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| Authors: | Wang Shengfeng Duan Aiwang Zhang Zhanyu and Xu Jianxin |
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| Abstract: | According to Monte Carlo method and 30 years meteorological data of Guangli irrigation district, precipitation of long series (500 years) were obtained. And basic parameters of winter wheat water consumption was studied thourgh 2 years field experiments. Winter wheat irrigation schedules of all years were studied on this base, furthermore, irrigation patterns of all years were analyzed. The results showed that under irrigation quota on each application changed by 30 mm step-size, wintering period and jointing stage needed 30 mm irrigation water respectively,and the probability of highyield was 1% when irrigation quota was 60 mm. With wintering period and green stage irrigation for 30 mm respectively, jointing stage for 60 mm, the probability of highyield was 12% when irrigation quota was 120 mm. With wintering period and filling stage irrigation for 30 mm respectively, green stage and jointing stage irrigation for 60 mm respectively, the probability of highyield was 62.8% when irrigation quota was 180 mm. With jointing stage and heading stage irrigation for 60 mm respectively, others for 30 mm, the probability of highyield was 98.8% when irrigation quota was 240 mm. The research enriches the measures of winter wheat irrigation schedules, and can provide technical support of scientific water usage of winter wheat. |
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| Keywords: | irrigation probability statistics winter wheat Monte Carlo Method irrigation schedule stochastic modle |
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