| 不同覆膜穴播种植模式对谷子和糜子作物籽粒灌浆特征及水分利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李万斌,戴丽君,李永平.不同覆膜穴播种植模式对谷子和糜子作物籽粒灌浆特征及水分利用效率的影响[J].农学学报,2021,11(1):37-43. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李万斌 戴丽君 李永平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.宁夏固原市彭阳县科学技术局,宁夏彭阳 756500;2.宁夏农林科学院固原分院,宁夏固原 756000 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏重点科技成果转化“六盘山特困区小杂粮精准扶贫技术集成示范”(2018BFF020) |
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| 摘 要： | 研究作物生长特性、灌浆特征及水分利用效率,以期为宁南旱区谷子和糜子微膜覆盖穴播高效种植提供理论依据。本研究建立了5种覆膜穴播模式,包括渗水微膜、普通微膜、降解微膜、垄上覆膜+沟内穴播、不覆膜穴播(CK)。采用田区定位试验与室内分析相结合的方法开展试验。不同覆膜穴播模式的增产效果排序为:渗水微膜覆盖>普通微膜覆盖>垄上覆膜+沟内穴播>降解微膜覆盖>不覆盖穴播(CK)。与CK相比,谷子和糜子覆膜穴播分别增产48.4%~66.5%和53.9%~70.3%,水分生产效率(WUE)分别提升58.1%~80.6%和31.9%~55.9%。主穗灌浆速率分别为0.89~1.01 g/d和0.34~0.39 g/d,较CK增加41.3%~60.3%和36.0%~56.0%。覆膜穴播和CK穴播下,抽穗后进入活跃灌浆期的时间分别为24天和30天左右,灌浆终止期较CK早6天左右。综上所述,渗水微膜穴播和垄上覆膜+沟内穴播种植模式更适合宁夏南部干旱地区谷子和糜子种植,在水分亏缺背景下,重视拔节期和灌浆期水肥管理,是实现高产的关键措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 谷子和糜子 覆膜穴播 灌浆速率 水分亏缺 产量水平 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-30 |
Plastic Film Mulching Hole-planting Patterns: Effect on Grain Filling Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. Kernels |
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| Li Wanbin,Dai Lijun,Li Yongping.Plastic Film Mulching Hole-planting Patterns: Effect on Grain Filling Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. Kernels[J].Journal of Agriculture,2021,11(1):37-43. |
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| Authors: | Li Wanbin Dai Lijun Li Yongping |
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| Institution: | 1.Pengyang Science and Technology Bureau, Pengyang 756500, Ningxia, China;2.Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for planting Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. under plastic film mulching hole-planting patterns in the arid region of southern Ningxia through studying the growth characteristics, filling character and water use efficiency (WUE) of crops. In the study, five mulching hole-planting patterns were set up: water-permeable plastic-film mulch, traditional plastic-film mulch, degradable plastic-film mulch, only mulching of ridge with plastic film + hole-planting in furrow, and no covered hole-planting (CK). The method of field location test combined with laboratory analysis was adopted. The yield-increasing effects of different mulching hole-planting patterns on Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. were ranked as follows: water-permeable plastic-film mulch> traditional plastic-film mulch > only mulching of ridge with plastic film + hole-planting in furrow > degradable plastic-film mulch > no covered hole-planting (CK). Compared with CK, the yield of mulching hole-planting pattern of Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. was increased by 48.4%-66.5% and 53.9%-70.3%, respectively, and the WUE was increased by 58.1%-80.6% and 31.9%-55.9%, respectively, the filling rate of main spike was 0.89-1.01 g/d and 0.34-0.39 g/d, respectively, 41.3%-60.3% and 36.0%-56.0% higher than that of CK. Under the mulching hole-planting and CK, the time entering the active filling stage was about 24 d and 30 d after heading, respectively, the filling termination period was 6 d earlier than that of CK. In summary, the patterns of water-permeable plastic-film mulch and only mulching of ridge with plastic film+ hole-planting in furrow are more suitable for Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L. in the arid region of southern Ningxia. In the context of water deficit, paying attention to the management of water and fertilizer in jointing stage and filling stage is the key measure to achieve high yield. |
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| Keywords: | Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum L Mulching Hole-planting Filling Rate Water Deficit Yield Level |
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