| 棉花品种熟性差异对叶片光合效能、植株生物量及籽棉产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈宜,张允昔,夏绍南,王涛,李永旗.棉花品种熟性差异对叶片光合效能、植株生物量及籽棉产量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2016(3):462-468. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈宜 张允昔 夏绍南 王涛 李永旗 |
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| 作者单位： | 江西省棉花研究所,江西 九江,332105 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-18-36)，国家转基因重大专项(2011ZX08005-001)，国家高技术研究发展计划 863 计划项目( 2011AA10A102 ) 和国家科技支撑计划项目( 2011BAD35B05-2) Project supported by the Carmarked found for China Agricultural Reasearch System of China( CARS-18-36);Na-tional Transgenic Major Projects(2011ZX08005-001)，National 863 Plan Project(2011AA10A102)，National Science-technology Support Plan Projects(2011BAD35B05-2) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过从黄河流域棉区引进5个熟性存在差异的棉花品种在江西九江地区常规种植,探讨其熟性差异对生育期、光合效能、地上部分生物量及籽棉产量的影响。结果表明:(1)排除缓苗期则各品种的生育期是种植地比原产地缩短,且原产地生育期越长缩短越明显;(2)盛花期和吐絮期地上部分营养器官与生殖器官的生物量比值与熟性间(生育期)均有不显著的正相关(0.814,0.717),以吐絮期其值为1.4~1.6有利于籽棉产量提高;(3)生育期与籽棉产量之间有显著的正相关(0.922),盛花期营养与生殖器官的比值与籽棉产量显著正相关(0.909),吐絮期的地上部分干物质总质量与籽棉产量成极显著的正相关关系(0.972),且吐絮期营养器官和生殖器官的干物质质量均与籽棉产量成显著的正相关(0.907,0.892);(4)在江西棉区营养钵育苗移栽种植模式下,以产量为目标,向黄河流域棉区引种应该引原产地生育期在130 d左右的中熟棉或早中熟品种较好;对轻简化栽培、适宜机械化采收的春夏季直播、地膜覆盖直播等特种栽培模式,以效益为目标,应引进早熟棉。
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| 关 键 词： | 棉花 北种南引 品种熟性 光合效能 生物量 产量 |
Effects of the Maturity Difference of Cotton Varieties on Photosynthetic Efficiency,Biomass and Seed Cotton Yield |
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| Abstract: | Five cotton varieties with difference in maturity were introduced from the Yellow River cotton area which were conventionally planted in Jiujiang area Jiangxi. The influence of their maturity difference on growth period,photosynthetic efficiency,aboveground biomass and seed cotton yield was explored. The results showed:the first,the growth period of the varieties except the recover period was shorter than in the original growing area,and the longer the growth period in the original growing area was,the more obvious the shortening was;the second, the ratio of the aboveground biomass between vegetative organs and reproductive organs in full-blossom and boll opening period had no significant positive correlation(0.814,0.717),the vaues of 1.4~1.6 in boll opening period had the highest seed cotton yield;the third,the growth period and seed cotton yield had significant positive correlation(0.922),the ratio of biomass between vegetative organs and reproductive organs in full-blossom had significant positive correlation with the seed cotton yield(0.909),all the aboveground dry matter of the aboveground biomass in the boll opening period and seed cotton yield had extremely significant positive correlation(0.972),and the dry matter of the vegetative organs and reproductive organs had significant positive correlation with seed cotton yield(0.907,0.892);the forth,in the mode of nutritive bowl breeding seedling and transplanting cultivation in Jiangxi Cotton area,it is advisable to introduce the middle maturing variety or the early middle maturing variety with the growth period about 130 days in the original growing area when taking the yield as the goal of the introduction;in the modes of the light simplified cultivation direct see-ding in summer suitable for mechanized harvesting and plastic film mulching direct seeding,it is advisable to introduce early-maturing varieties when taking the benefit as the goal. |
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| Keywords: | cotton north-to-south breed leading variety maturity photosynthetic efficiency biomass yield |
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