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| 灌溉和施氮对种植第2年紫花苜蓿产量、水分利用效率及土壤全氮含量的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 尹辉,王琦,师尚礼,张恩和,王田涛,刘青林,刘朝巍,俞华林.灌溉和施氮对种植第2年紫花苜蓿产量、水分利用效率及土壤全氮含量的影响[J].草原与草坪,2012,32(4):1-7. |
| 作者姓名： | 尹辉 王琦 师尚礼 张恩和 王田涛 刘青林 刘朝巍 俞华林 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院／草业生态系统教育部重点实验室／甘肃省草业工程实验室／中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州,730070 2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院／草业生态系统教育部重点实验室／甘肃省草业工程实验室／中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室和青藏高原冰冻圈观测试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000 3. 甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州,730070 |
| 基金项目： | 农业行业专项(201003023);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35)专项资助 |
| 摘 要： | 在甘肃省河西绿洲灌区石羊河流域进行大田试验,研究不同灌溉量,分别为常规灌溉(330mm)、节水20%灌溉(264mm)和节水40%灌溉(198mm)和施氮量0、40、80和120kg/hm2对种植第2年紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)干草产量、水分利用效率(WUE)以及土壤全氮的影响。结果表明:紫花苜蓿全生育期总干草产量随灌溉量增加而显著增加,他们的次序是常规灌溉总干草产量(15 575kg/hm2)>节水20%(14 763kg/hm2)>节水40%灌溉(14 017kg/hm2)。节水20%灌溉的水分利用效率为27.49kg/(mm.hm2),显著高于常规灌溉25.96kg/(mm.hm2),节水40%灌溉的水分利用效率为26.89kg/(mm.hm2),与常规灌溉和节水20%灌溉之间相差不显著。各处理全氮主要富集于表层土壤(0～60cm),土壤全氮含量随土层深度的增加而减少。在0～120cm土层,灌溉对各土层全氮含量的影响没有出现规律性变化;施氮40kg/hm2土壤全氮含量显著高于不施氮和施氮80、120kg/hm2。当施氮量为40kg/hm2时,第2年紫花苜蓿干草产量15 905kg/hm2、WUE为28.62kg/(mm.hm2)以及土壤全氮含量达到最大值。在河西绿洲灌区石羊河流域种植第2年紫花苜蓿,从经济、生态和环境方面考虑,节水20%灌溉(灌溉量为264mm,不包括生育期降水量)和施氮40kg/hm2处理是较高干草产量、较高WUE及较高土壤肥力取得一致的处理,应大面积推广。 |
| 关 键 词： | 灌溉 施氮 紫花苜蓿 干草产量 水分利用效率 |
Effect of irrigation and nitrogen supply levels on hay yield and water use efficiency and soil total nitrogen of Medicago sativa |
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| YIN Hui,WANG Qi,SHI Shang-li,ZHANG En-he,WANG Tian-tao,LIU Qing-lin,LIU Chao-wei,YU Hua-lin.Effect of irrigation and nitrogen supply levels on hay yield and water use efficiency and soil total nitrogen of Medicago sativa[J].Grassland and Turf,2012,32(4):1-7. | |
| Authors: | YIN Hui WANG Qi SHI Shang-li ZHANG En-he WANG Tian-tao LIU Qing-lin LIU Chao-wei YU Hua-lin |
| Institution: | 1.College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability Lanzhou 730070,China;2.Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering and Cryosphere Research Station of the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China) |
| Abstract: | The controlled studies of irrigation and nitrogen(N)applying were conducted in Hexi oasis to study the effects on different irrigation and N supply levels to hay yield,water use efficiency(WUE)and soil total nitrogen of Medicago sativa on the 2 year.A complete randomized block split-plot design was employed,with irrigation regimes(conventional irrigation 330 mm),0% water-saving irrigation(264 mm),40% water-saving irrigation(198 mm)and N fertilizer application rates(0,40,80,120 kg/hm~2) as the main-plot and split-plot,respectively.Under the experimental condition,the hay yield of M.sativa was increased with the increase of irrigation,the ranking of hay yield was conventional irrigation(15 575 kg/hm~2) >20% water-saving irrigation(14 763 kg/hm~2)>40% water-saving irrigation(14 017 kg/hm~2).The 40% water-saving irrigation has not significantly higher WUE 26.89 kg/(hm~2·mm)] than that of the 20 % water-saving irrigation(27.49 kg/hm~2),the 20% water-saving irrigation has a significantly higher WUE than that of conventional irrigation 23.65 kg/(hm~2·mm)].The total nitrogen enriched in the surface soil(0～60 cm) and reduced with the increasing soil depth;In 0～120 cm soil,the total nitrogen contents did not influenced by various irrigation.The total nitrogen content of 40 kg/hm~2 nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than 80,120 kg N hm~2 nitrogen treatments.When the rate of N application was 40 kg/hm~2,the total hay yield(15 905 kg/hm~2) and WUE 28.62 kg/(mm·hm~2)and soil total nitrogen content were reached the maximum,the increase of total hay yield in 40 kg/hm~2 supply level was 13.7,6.8 and 10.5% compared by 0,80 and 120 kg/hm~2,the increase of WUE in 40 kg/hm~2 supply level was 11.6,6.8 and 9.7% compared by 0,80 and 120 kg/hm~2.Considering economic return,ecology and environment,the treatment of 20% water-saving irrigation combined with N supply level at rate of 40 kg/hm~2 was best choice for the second year M.sativa plating in Hexi oasis of Gansu Province. |
| Keywords: | irrigation nitrogen supply Medicago sativa hay yield water use efficiency total nitrogen |
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