Microbial community structure and functionality under peanut-based cropping systems in a sandy soil |
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| Authors: | V Acosta-Martínez D Rowland R B Sorensen K M Yeater |
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| Institution: | (1) Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA;(2) National Peanut Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 509, 1011 Forrester Dr. S.E, Dawson, GA 31742-0509, USA;(3) Southern Plains Area, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA |
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| Abstract: | Little information is available on soil microbial and biochemical properties, important for understanding nutrient cycling
and organic matter dynamics, as affected by different peanut cropping systems and how they relate to soil functioning. Thus,
we studied a Tifton loamy sand (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic Kandiudults) in Georgia, which is first in peanut
production in USA, after 5 and 8 years under continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, L) (CtCtCt), cotton–cotton–peanut (CtCtPt), corn (Zea mays L.)–peanut–cotton (CrPtCt), peanut–peanut–cotton (PtPtCt), and continuous peanut (PtPtPt). Soil organic carbon (OC) at 0–20 cm
was already higher under PtPtPt (average, 8.7 g C kg−1 soil), PtPtCt (average, 7.7 g C kg−1 soil), and CrPtCt (average, 7.8 g C kg−1 soil) compared with CtCtPt (average, 4.7 g C kg−1 soil) and CtCtCt (average, 3.3 g C kg−1 soil). Similarly, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and phosphodiesterase as a group showed higher activities under
PtPtPt, PtPtCt, and CrPtCt than under CtCtPt and CtCtCt. The activities of glycosidases (α-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, and
β-glucosaminidase) as a group were more sensitive to the cropping systems than phosphastases and showed a distinctive cropping
system separation as follows: PtPtPt = CrPtCt > PtPtCt > CtCtPt > CtCtCt. Similar to OC and microbial biomass C trends, distinctive
differences were found in the microbial community structure of this sandy soil after 8 years between peanut-based cropping
systems (CrPtCt, PtPtCt, and PtPtPt) and cotton-based cropping systems (CtCtCt and CtCtPt) as indicated by the fatty acid
methyl esters profiles.
Trade names and company names are included for the benefit of the reader and do not infer any endorsement or preferential
treatment of the product by USDA-ARS. |
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| Keywords: | Peanut Cotton Crop rotations Sandy soils Fatty acid methyl ester Enzyme activities Soil functioning Soil microbial community |
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