Suppression of pre- and postemergence damping-off in corn by Burkholderia cepacia |
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| Authors: | KP Hebbar MH Martel T Heulin |
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| Institution: | (1) Biocontrol of Plant Diseases Laboratory, Plant Sciences Institute, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;(2) Centre de Pédologie Biologique, UPR 6831 du CNRS, associée a l'Université Nancy I, BP 5 F 54501, Vandoeuvre lès, Nancy cedex, France;(3) Départment d'Ecophysiologie Végetale et de Microbiologie, UMR 163, CNRS-CEA, Cadarache, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | Burkholderia cepacia (syn. Pseudomonas cepacia) strain PHQM100 applied as a seed coating was tested in growth chamber experiments for its ability to suppress preemergence damping-off, and postemergence damping-off in corn induced by Pythium and Fusarium spp. The symptoms observed in bioassays with soils naturally infested with the fungal pathogens were seed rot with Pythium spp. and mesocotyl and root tissue necrosis in the presence of Fusarium spp. Three corn cultivars that differed in their susceptibility to damping-off pathogens were used. Cultivar L was susceptible to pre- and postemergence damping-off, whereas cv. LPDP and cv. LG11 were moderately resistant and resistant to the damping-off diseases respectively. In the presence of Pythium spp., seed treatment with B. cepacia reduced seed rot, as compared to the untreated seeds, and this reduction was more consistent in the cv. LPDP than in the resistant cv. LG11 or the susceptible cv. L. In soils infested with Fusarium spp., seed treatment significantly reduced root and mesocotyl necrosis as compared to the untreated seeds, and this reduction was more consistent in the resistant cultivars LG11 and LPDP than in the susceptible cv. L. Root colonization levels by B. cepacia were similar in the three corn cultivars tested. Biocontrol efficiency of B. cepacia varied among cultivars mainly due to the differences in their susceptibility to the fungal pathogens. In spite of variability and also irrespective of the soil characteristics, B. cepacia increased seedling emergence and decreased mesocotyl and root necrosis when used as a seed coating. |
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| Keywords: | biological control Zea mays Pythium spp Fusarium spp seed bacterization Burkholderia cepacia |
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