| 灌浆结实期高温干旱复合胁迫对稻米直链淀粉及蛋白质含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 高焕晔,王三根,宗学凤,腾中华,赵芳明,刘照.灌浆结实期高温干旱复合胁迫对稻米直链淀粉及蛋白质含量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(1):40-47. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高焕晔 王三根 宗学凤 腾中华 赵芳明 刘照 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学农学与生物科技学院 重庆400716;贵州大学农学院 贵阳 550025
2. 西南大学农学与生物科技学院 重庆400716 |
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| 基金项目： | 重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(CSTC, 2009BA1006)、重庆市水稻良种创新重大专项(CSTC, 2007AB1033)、重庆市科技攻关计划项目(CSTC, 2007AC1051)和贵州省科技重大专项计划项目([2011]6012-1)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 灌浆结实期是水稻产量与品质形成的关键时期,近年来,由于受全球气候变化和局部地形地貌的影响,我国南方稻区在水稻灌浆结实期频频遭遇高温和伏旱的混合影响,造成水稻产量与品质的同步下降。本研究选用导入空心莲子草基因组DNA构建的籼稻耐旱变异品系H5,在灌浆结实期于人工温室进行高温干旱复合胁迫试验,测定了不同处理稻米直链淀粉与蛋白质含量,旨在深入研究高温干旱复合逆境对稻米品质的影响。试验设6个处理,分别是适温中度干旱(OT-MD)、适温严重干旱(OT-SD)、高温正常供水(HT-WW)、高温中度干旱(HT-MD)、高温严重干旱(HT-SD)和适温正常供水(OT-WW,CK)。除对照外,其余各处理的胁迫时间设10 d、20 d、30 d和40 d。结果表明:灌浆结实期高温胁迫会导致稻米直链淀粉含量下降和蛋白质含量增加,高温胁迫10~40 d的稻米直链淀粉含量比CK降低了1.783~5.987个百分点,稻米蛋白质含量比CK增加了1.178~2.741个百分点;灌浆结实期干旱胁迫同样会导致稻米直链淀粉含量下降和蛋白质含量增加,在中度干旱条件下,胁迫10~40 d处理的稻米直链淀粉含量比CK降低了1.956~6.270个百分点,稻米蛋白质含量比CK增加了1.153~2.944个百分点,在严重干旱条件下,胁迫10~40 d处理的稻米直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量相对于CK的变异幅度比中度干旱胁迫下的更大;灌浆结实期高温干旱复合胁迫引起稻米直链淀粉含量下降和蛋白质含量增加的幅度均超过单一高温胁迫或干旱胁迫,且其变化幅度随胁迫因子的增加、胁迫强度的增强和胁迫时间的延长而增大;灌浆结实期的前20 d遭遇高温干旱复合胁迫是稻米品质变差的主要原因;在相同胁迫时间内,各处理对稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量的胁迫效应按升序排列依次为:高温正常供水(HT-WW)、适温中度干旱(OT-MD)、适温严重干旱(OT-SD)、高温中度干旱(HT-MD)、高温严重干旱(HT-SD)。本研究结论可为水稻的抗旱与抗高温育种与栽培提供参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 高温胁迫 干旱胁迫 复合胁迫 直链淀粉 蛋白质 灌浆结实期 胁迫效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/3/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/7/12 0:00:00 |
Effects of combined high temperature and drought stress on amylose and protein contents at rice grain-filling stage |
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| GAO Huan-Ye,WANG San-Gen,ZONG Xue-Feng,TENG Zhong-Hu,ZHAO Fang-Ming and LIU Zhao.Effects of combined high temperature and drought stress on amylose and protein contents at rice grain-filling stage[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(1):40-47. |
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| Authors: | GAO Huan-Ye WANG San-Gen ZONG Xue-Feng TENG Zhong-Hu ZHAO Fang-Ming and LIU Zhao |
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| Institution: | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;College of Agronomy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China |
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| Abstract: | Grain-filling stage is a critical stage for rice yield and quality. There have been frequent high temperatures and droughts in several rice production regions in South China due mainly to global climate change but also to local topographic conditions. This has resulted in simultaneous decline in rice yield and quality. This study investigated the combined effects of high temperature and drought stress on rice quality at grain-filling stage via analyzing the changes in amylose and protein contents of indica rice (introgression line of H5 with induced genes of Alternanthera hiloxeroides). A pot experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions with experimental treatments including optimal temperature plus moderate drought (OT-MD), optimal temperature plus severe drought (OT-SD), high temperature plus well-watered condition (HT-WW), high temperature plus moderate drought (HT-MD), high temperature plus severe drought (HT-SD) and then optimal temperature plus well-watered condition (OT-WW) as the control treatment (CK). In addition to CK, treatment durations were set at 10 days, 20 days, 30 days and 40 days, respectively. The results showed that while amylose content decreased, that of protein increased during high temperature period. Compared with CK, amylose content dropped by 1.783%~5.987% while that of protein increased by 1.178%~2.741% during 10~40 days heat period. A similar trend was noted for drought conditions. In other words, amylose content decreased while protein content increased during drought. Compared with CK, amylose content decreased by 1.956%~6.270% while protein content increased by 1.153%~2.944% under 10~40 days of OT-MD treatment. Stress-driven changes in amylose and protein contents were higher under OT-SD treatment than under OT-MD treatment. While combined drought and high temperature stress reduced amylose content, it enhanced protein content. The ranges for amylose and protein contents of rice due to combined high temperature and drought stress were higher than that due to the individual high temperature or drought stress. The degree of changes in amylose and protein contents increased with increasing intensity, duration and frequency of the stress. Rice quality deterioration at the 20th days of grain-filling was mainly caused by the effect of combined high temperature and drought stress. An ascending order of the stress effect arrangement on amylose and protein contents under the same treatment periods was as follows: HT-WW < OT-MD < OT-SD < HT-MD < HT-SD. This study laid the basis for drought and heat resistance of rice, a critical element in rice breeding and cultivation. |
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| Keywords: | Rice (Oryza sativa L ) High temperature stress Drought stress Combined stress Amylose Protein Grain-filling stage Stress effect |
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