| 基于穿刺测试和TPA法的板栗果实质地分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 何秀娟,仝铸,肖翠,王泽琼,徐育海,孙中海,邱文明.基于穿刺测试和TPA法的板栗果实质地分析[J].保鲜与加工,2023,23(9):59-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何秀娟 仝铸 肖翠 王泽琼 徐育海 孙中海 邱文明 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所,果树种质创新与利用湖北省重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（鄂[2023]TG 23号）；湖北省乡村振兴科技支撑项目（2022BBA103）；湖北省农业科技创新中心创新团队项目（2021-620-000-001-023） |
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| 摘 要： | 为比较不同板栗品种之间果实质地差异，采用质构仪穿刺测试和质地多面分析（TPA）法测定了16个品种板栗果实的质地特性。结果表明：板栗果实表型和质地性状变异丰富，穿刺果面硬度、果肉平均硬度、TPA硬度间呈极显著正相关，且均与果面韧性、果面脆性和紧实度呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）；单果质量和果实横径与果实硬度呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。主成分分析将17个指标（果实表型和质构仪参数指标）组合形成果实硬度、咀嚼特性、果实大小和黏附性因子4个主成分，其累计方差贡献率为89.298%。聚类分析可将这些板栗品种根据质地和表型参数分为7类，不同类别之间差异较大，表明这些特征参数可作为板栗种质资源的评价指标，为板栗鲜食品质鉴定、加工利用和品种选优提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 板栗 质地品质 穿刺测试 质地多面分析 |
Analysis of Texture Properties of Chestnut Kernel Based on Puncture Test and Texture Profile Analysis |
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| Abstract: | In order to compare the fruit texture differences between different chestnut varieties, the fruit puncture test and texture profile analysis were carried out to measure the texture characteristics of 16 chestnut cultivars with a texture analyzer. The result showed that the phenotype and texture traits of chestnut fruits were significantly different. There was an extremely significant positive correlation between the three hardness parameters of puncture hardness of fruit surface, mean flesh hardness and TPA hardness, and all three hardness parameters were significantly positively correlated with the toughness, fracturability of fruit surface, and compactness of fruit. Weight and transverse diameter of single fruit were significantly negatively correlated with the fruit hardness. Principal component analysis revealed 4 principal components factors from 17 indicators (the fruit phenotype and texture analyzer parameters), including fruit hardness, chewiness, fruit size, and adhesion factors, respectively, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four principal components was 89.298%. Cluster analysis showed that these cultivars could be classified into 7 categories according to texture and phenotype indexes, and there was large differences between different categories, which indicated that these characteristic parameters could be used as evaluation indicators of chestnut germplasms resources, providing scientific basis for quality appraisal, processing and utilization and variety selection of fresh chestnut. |
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| Keywords: | chestnut kernel texture quality puncture test texture profile analysis |
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