| 长期施肥对土nirS型反硝化细菌的影响及其与N2O排放的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘耕苑,肖杰,高明霞,孙本华,张树兰,杨学云,冯浩,张彤勋.长期施肥对土nirS型反硝化细菌的影响及其与N2O排放的关系[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(2):99-105. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘耕苑 肖杰 高明霞 孙本华 张树兰 杨学云 冯浩 张彤勋 |
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| 作者单位： | (1.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院/农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 2.西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 3.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 4.中国旱区节水农业研究院, 陕西 杨凌 712100) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA102904);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JM4007);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(B12007)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤反硝化作用是土壤N2O产生的重要过程,亚硝酸盐还原酶(NIR)催化的亚硝态氮(NO-2)还原为一氧化氮(NO)是反硝化作用的关键环节,研究长期施肥对反硝化微生物的影响及其与N2O排放的关系对于全面理解土壤反硝化过程具有重要意义。基于28年的旱作雨养长期施肥试验,通过常规监测、定量PCR和高通量测序等探讨了长期不同施肥(不施肥CK、偏施肥的单施氮肥N和氮钾配施NK、以及氮磷钾平衡施肥NPK)下土N2O排放和nirS反硝化细菌群落特征及两者之间的关系。结果表明:长期化肥施用(N,NK和NPK)均显著提高了N2O累积排放量,其中平衡施肥(NPK)最高。长期化肥施用对nirS基因丰度和nirS型反硝化细菌的α-多样性无显著影响,但长期平衡施用化肥提高了uncultured_bacterium_2303和Rhodanobacter_sp._D206a的相对丰度,降低了unclassified_k_norank_d_Bacteria和unclassified_p_Proteobacteria的相对丰度,从而改变了nirS型反硝化细菌的群落结构组成。雨养旱作条件下,土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)和pH等土壤性质是土nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构组成变化的主要影响因素。土nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构组成对土壤N2O排放具有显著影响,而nirS基因丰度和nirS型反硝化细菌多样性并没有显著影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 长期施肥 nirS型反硝化细菌 氧化亚氮 实时定量PCR 高通量测序 |
Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on nir S-Type Denitrifer and Its Relationship with N2O Emission in Eum-Orthic Anthrosols |
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| LIU Gengyuan,XIAO Jie,GAO Mingxia,SUN Benhua,ZHANG Shulan,YANG Xueyun,FENG Hao,ZHANG Tongxun.Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on nir S-Type Denitrifer and Its Relationship with N2O Emission in Eum-Orthic Anthrosols[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(2):99-105. |
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| Authors: | LIU Gengyuan XIAO Jie GAO Mingxia SUN Benhua ZHANG Shulan YANG Xueyun FENG Hao ZHANG Tongxun |
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| Institution: | (1.College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China; 2.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100,China; 3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100,China; 4.Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Region of China, Yangling, Shaanxi712100,China) |
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| Abstract: | Soil denitrification is an important process for the production of soil N2O,and that Nitrite reductase(NIR)catalyzes the reduction of nitrite nitrogen(NO2)to nitric oxide(NO)is the key step of denitrification.The study on the impact of long-term fertilization on denitrifying microorganisms and its relationship with soil N2O emissions is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of the soil denitrification process.Based on 28 years of long-term fertilization experiments in rain-fed dry farming system,the characteristics of soil nir S-type denitrifying bacterial communities and N2O emission and their relationship were investigated under different types of long-term fertilization(No fertilization of CK,only N fertilization and NK combined fertilization of partial fertilizations,and balanced fertilization of NPK)by conventional monitoring,quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that all types of long-term fertilization(N,NK and NPK)significantly increased the cumulative N2O emission(EN2O),in which balanced fertilization(NPK)caused the the highest cumulative N2O emission;long-term fertilization had no significant effect on nir S gene abundance and theα-diversity of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria,while long-term balanced fertilization increased the relative abundance of uncultured_bacterium_2303 and Rhodanobacter_sp._D206a,and reduced the relative abundance of unclassified_k_norank_d_Bacteria and unclassified_p_Proteobacteria,thereby changed the community structure of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria.Soil properties such as soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,available phosphorusand pH are the main factors influencing the nirS-type denitrifying bacterial community structure that has a significant effect on soil N2O emission,while the abundance of nir S gene abundance and the diversity of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria have no significant effects in Eum-Orthic Anthrosols under rain-fed dry farming system. |
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| Keywords: | long-term fertilization nir S-type denitrifier nitrous oxide quantitative real-time PCR high-throughput sequencing |
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