| 基质栽培营养液氮磷钾补充水平对番茄养分吸收及产量品质影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 蔡东升,李建明,樊翔宇,李惠,孔政,张鑫.基质栽培营养液氮磷钾补充水平对番茄养分吸收及产量品质影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2017,48(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 蔡东升 李建明 樊翔宇 李惠 孔政 张鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家大宗蔬菜产业体系项目，陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 温室条件下,采用基质袋式栽培方式(长12.7 m、宽30 cm、高20 cm),通过改变营养液KNO_3与NH_4H_2PO_4含量得到4个不同营养液氮磷钾补充水平,各处理物质的量浓度比分别为:CK为Ca(NO_3)_2·4H_2O:KNO_3:NH_4H_2PO_4:MgSO_4·7H_2O=4.00:6.00:1.00:2.00,T1为Ca(NO_3)_2·4H_2O:KNO_3:NH_4H_2PO_4:MgSO_4·7H_2O=4.00:4.00:0.80:2.00,T2 为Ca(NO_3)_2·4H_2O:KNO_3:NH_4H_2PO_4:MgSO_4·7H2O=4.00:8.00:1.20:2.00,T3 为Ca(NO_3)2·4H_2O:KNsdfO_3:NH_4H_2PO_4: MgSO_4·7H_2O=4.00:10.00:1.40:2.00;研究营养液氮磷钾补充水平对基质栽培番茄品质、产量及养分吸收利用影响。结果表明,提高营养液氮磷钾水平可促进番茄各器官对氮磷钾吸收,超量施用抑制氮磷钾吸收;果实可溶性蛋白、维生素C、还原糖、可溶性总糖含量均随营养液氮磷钾补充水平提高呈先增后降趋势,而可溶性固形物与硝酸盐含量逐渐增加;各处理间单果重、产量差异显著;与CK相比,T2单果重增加6.85%、产量增加13.10%,T3单果重减少2.29%、产量减少2.92%,且存在显著差异。综合考虑番茄养分吸收利用、品质和产量等因素,在试验条件下,T2处理营养液氮磷钾补充水平最佳,推荐用量为:KNO3 8 mmol·L~(-1)、NH_4H_2PO_4 1.2 mmol·L~(-1)、Ca(NO_3)_2 ·4H_2O_4 mmol·L~(-1)、MgSO_4·7H_2O_2 mmol·L~(-1)。
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| 关 键 词： | 基质栽培 氮磷钾水平 养分吸收利用 品质 产量 |
Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium supplementation on nutrient uptake,yield and quality of tomato in substrate culture |
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| CAI Dongsheng,LI Jianming,FAN Xiangyu,LI Hui,KONG Zheng,ZHANG Xin.Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium supplementation on nutrient uptake,yield and quality of tomato in substrate culture[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2017,48(1). |
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| Authors: | CAI Dongsheng LI Jianming FAN Xiangyu LI Hui KONG Zheng ZHANG Xin |
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| Abstract: | In greenhouse,cultivating tomato by organic substrate with a long bar substrate bags (The length was 12.7 m,the width was 30 cm,the height was 20 cm).By changing the content of KNO3 and NH4H2PO4 in the nutrient solution,four different nutrient levels of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were obtained.The ratios of amount of substance concentration in each treatment were CK:Ca(NO3)2·4H2O∶ KNO3∶ NH4H2PO4∶ MgSO4· 7H2O=4.00∶ 6.00∶1.00∶ 2.00,T1:Ca(NO3)2·4H2O∶ KNO3∶ N H4H2PO4∶ MgSO4·7H2O=4.00∶ 4.00∶ 0.80∶ 2.00,T2:Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O∶ KNO3∶ NH4H2PO4∶ MgSO4 · 7H2O=4.00∶ 8.00∶ 1.20∶ 2.00,T3:Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O∶ KNO3∶ NH4H2PO4∶MgSO4 · 7H2O=4.00∶ 10.00∶ 1.40∶ 2.00.To study the effects of nutrient levels on the quality,yield and nutrient uptake and utilization of tomato cultivated in nutrient medium.The experiment results showed that appropriate to improve the level of supplementation of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium nutrition promoted the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in different organs of tomato,and excessive use of inhibition of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium absorption.The contents of soluble protein,vitamin C,reducing sugar and soluble sugar were added with the level of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium increase showed increased first and then decreased,while the soluble solids and nitrate content increased gradually;The single fruit weight and yield were significant difference;compared with CK,T2 fruit increased the weight of 6.85％,and the yield increased by 13.10％ and T3 fruit weight was reduced by 2.29％,yield was reduced by 2.92％,significant difference among them.Considering the growth,quality and yield of tomato,the ratio of N,P,K of the nutrient solution treated by T2 was the best under the conditions of this experiment.Recommended dosage:KNO3 8 mmol· L-1,NH4H2PO4 1.2 mmol·L-1,Ca(NO3)2·4H2O4 mmol·L1,MgSO4·7H2O2 mmol·L-1. |
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| Keywords: | substrate culture ratio of N P and K nutrient uptake and utilization quality yield |
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