| 红松林天然更新对连续小梯度海拔变化的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 张凡兵,龙婷,金文斌,李景文.红松林天然更新对连续小梯度海拔变化的响应[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(5). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张凡兵 龙婷 金文斌 李景文 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京林业大学,北京,100083;2. 武警驻北京林业大学选培办;3. 北京林业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十三五”重点研发计划课题 |
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| 摘 要： | 海拔是影响森林类型分布及其更新的重要生态因子,研究海拔梯度上森林更新的变化,对不同海拔梯度的森林经营与生态保护具有重要意义。以红松母树林群落的天然更新为研究对象,在小兴安岭地区东折棱河林业经营所56号林班,以连续小梯度海拔变化,沿林班内山坡下部、中下部、中部3个坡位,设置12块样地进行调查。结果表明:(1)无人为干扰条件下,随海拔梯度升高,林内针、阔叶树总株数逐增,立木层(红松、臭冷杉、鱼鳞云杉等)针叶树逐渐取代伴生阔叶树(青楷槭、花楷槭、黄桦、白桦等);林冠下层,针、阔叶树更新苗株数总体呈上升趋势,针叶树更新苗数量与阔叶树差距逐渐缩小,在海拔447 m时,针叶树更新数量首次超过阔叶树更新数量。(2)有人为干扰条件下,立木层林木稀疏,林内针、阔叶树更新不良,样地H主要树种更新频度均为0,林窗下以阔叶树更新为主(样地F、I仅有1种更新苗,分别为花楷槭与青楷槭),红松仅有极少幼树存在。(3)随着海拔梯度升高,红松断面积组成与重要值变化趋势基本一致,均保持稳定增长,红松群落优势更加明显。(4)海拔变化对立木层红松分布格局无明显影响,低海拔区红松无更新或更新极少且呈随机分布,中海拔区红松更新良好且多呈聚集分布,在演替过程中,最终以随机分布进入主林层。
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| 关 键 词： | 小兴安岭 原始红松林 小梯度海拔 天然更新 空间格局 |
Natural Regeneration of Primitive Korean Pine Forests in Response to the Variation in Continuous Small Elevation Gradient |
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| Zhang Fanbing,Long Ting,Jin Wenbin,Li Jingwen.Natural Regeneration of Primitive Korean Pine Forests in Response to the Variation in Continuous Small Elevation Gradient[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2017,45(5). |
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| Authors: | Zhang Fanbing Long Ting Jin Wenbin Li Jingwen |
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| Abstract: | With natural regeneration of Korean pine seed stands in NO.56 Forest compartment of Dong Zhelenghe Nature Reserve belonging to Xiaoxing'an Mountains,three levels in 12 plots included the lower slopes in forest compartment (Plots A,B,C,D,E,F),the lower-middle slopes (Plots G,H,I) and the central slopes (Plots J,K,L) were sited based on small elevation gradient (changed from three to fifteen meters).Without human disturbance,as the elevation gradient was increased,conifers replaced companion broadleaves gradually in the Tachiki layer.Gap between conifers and companion broadleaves was reduced gradually.The number of update trees was increased including Korean pine.Under human disturbances,some plots of understory vegetation cover were more than 10％ on average,and had a bad update.In this scenario,Heliousphytes Broadleaves such as Acertegrnentosum Maxim,Acerukurunduense Trautv had a smaller advantage on regeneration than Coniferous,and Korean pine had a few update young trees.Korean pine is a dominant species in this forest community although it has a few Tachiki numbers and increased slowly.Korean pine has unanimous trends in importance value and percent area,both them showed a steady growth with altitude increasing.Elevation changing has no influence in spatial distribution pattern of Tachiki layer for Korean pine.Korean pine showed randomly distributed or no regeneration in lower altitudes,while aggregated distribution in medium altitude,and a randomly distribute in advantage layer at last by intense natural succession. |
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| Keywords: | Xiaoxing'an Mountains Primitive Korean pine forest Continuous small gradient elevation changes Natural regeneration Spatial pattern |
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