| 基于最小数据集的东北旱作区耕层质量评价与障碍诊断 |
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| 引用本文： | 卓志清,李勇,勾宇轩,赵云泽,黄元仿,兴安.基于最小数据集的东北旱作区耕层质量评价与障碍诊断[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(9):321-330. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卓志清 李勇 勾宇轩 赵云泽 黄元仿 兴安 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300801）和国家自然科学基金项目（41571217） |
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| 摘 要： | 为准确评价东北旱作区耕层质量特征，针对全部初选指标采用主成分分析法（PCA）建立了东北旱作区耕层质量评价的最小数据集（Minimum data set, MDS），并运用最小数据集耕层质量指数（MDS-Plough horizon integrated quality index, MDS-PHIQI）和障碍因子诊断模型对研究区耕层质量及主导障碍因子进行分析。结果表明：东北旱作区耕层质量评价的最小数据集由土壤有机质含量、全氮含量、有效磷含量、粘粒含量、耕作层穿透阻力和压实层厚度组成，最小数据集可替代全部初选指标对东北旱作区耕层质量进行评价；东北旱作区耕层质量指数分布在0.10~0.53之间，均值为0.30，整体处于低和中等水平。东北旱作区合理耕层指标参数的适宜范围为：有机质质量比大于等于37.16g/kg，全氮质量比大于等于1.75g/kg，有效磷质量比大于等于26.38mg/kg，粘粒质量分数为4.60%~6.19%，耕作层穿透阻力小于等于364.56kPa，压实层厚度小于等于8.18cm。东北旱作区粮食产量低产区耕层多存在结构型障碍，中产区耕层结构型障碍和养分限制共存，而高产区耕层主要表现为养分限制型障碍。整体来看，研究区耕层质量的主要障碍因素为耕作层穿透阻力、土壤全氮含量、有机质含量，需针对上述指标采取针对性的耕作和培肥措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 旱作区 耕层质量 聚类分析 最小数据集 压实层 障碍度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/9/22 0:00:00 |
Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Diagnosis of Plough Horizon Based on Minimum Data Set in Dry Farming Region of Northeast China |
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| ZHUO Zhiqing,LI Yong,GOU Yuxuan,ZHAO Yunze,HUANG Yuanfang,XING An.Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Diagnosis of Plough Horizon Based on Minimum Data Set in Dry Farming Region of Northeast China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(9):321-330. |
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| Authors: | ZHUO Zhiqing LI Yong GOU Yuxuan ZHAO Yunze HUANG Yuanfang XING An |
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| Institution: | China Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | In order to evaluate the quality of plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish the minimum data set (MDS), and the characteristics of plough horizon quality were indicated by using the MDS-Plough horizon integrated quality index (MDS-PHIQI). In addition, the regional classification of soil samples was studied based on systematic cluster analysis, and the negative factors of plough horizon quality were identified by obstacle factor diagnosis model. The results showed that the MDS suitable for use in the assessment of plough horizon quality for study area included such indicators as soil organic matter (SOM)content, total nitrogen (TN) content, available phosphorus (AP)content, clay particle content, plough layer penetration resistance (PLP) and compacted layer thickness (CLT). The MDS can replace the total data set to evaluate the quality of plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China. The quality index of plough horizon in study area was between 0.10 and 0.53, with an average value of 0.30, which was at medium and low levels. From the perspective of fertilizer conservation and yield-increasing potential, the suitability thresholds of those diagnostic parameters for reasonable plough horizon of dry farming region of Northeast China were indicated as follows: soil organic matter content of greater than or equaled 37.16g/kg, total nitrogen content of greater than or equaled 1.75g/kg, the clay particle content of 4.60%~6.19%, available phosphorus content of greater than or equaled 26.38mg/kg, the plough layer penetration resistance of less than or equaled 364.56kPa, and the compacted layer thickness of less than or equaled 8.18cm. In the research, geographic areas can be characterized as high, medium or and low levels of grain yields. Different types of barrier factors for plough horizon in the study area can be divided into plough horizon structure barriers (low grain yield areas), comprehensive barriers of structure and soil fertility constraints (medium grain yield areas), and soil fertility constraints (high grain yield areas). Viewed as a whole, the main obstacles to the improvement of the quality of plough horizon were penetration resistance of plough layer, total nitrogen content, and soil organic matter content, appropriate tillage and fertilization measures should be taken in view of the above three obstacle factors. The research can provide theoretical basis and parameters for the evaluation of plough horizon quality and the construction of reasonable plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China. |
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| Keywords: | dry farming region plough horizon quality cluster analysis minimum data set compacted layer obstacle degree |
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