| 内蒙古黄土高原秸秆还田对玉米农田土壤水热状况及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刁生鹏,高日平,高宇,任永峰,赵沛义,袁伟,高学峰.内蒙古黄土高原秸秆还田对玉米农田土壤水热状况及产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2019,35(6):83-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刁生鹏 高日平 高宇 任永峰 赵沛义 袁伟 高学峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1内蒙古农业大学农学院,010019,内蒙古呼和浩特2内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,010031,内蒙古呼和浩特3内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,010031,内蒙古呼和浩特4农业农村部内蒙古耕地保育科学观测实验站,011705,内蒙古呼和浩特5武川县农畜产品质量安全中心,011705,内蒙古呼和浩特6丰镇市农牧业局,012199,内蒙古乌兰察布 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800803);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800806);内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金项目(CXJJ2017N12);内蒙古科技计划项目(20170218);国家“十二五”科技支撑项目(2015BAD22B01) |
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| 摘 要： | 内蒙古清水河县地处黄土高原的边缘地带,沟壑纵横,是典型的北方干旱缺水地区。为明确秸秆翻耕还田对该区域玉米农田土壤蓄水保墒效果及产量形成特性的影响,通过连续2年的田间小区试验,探究0kg/hm 2（CK）、3 000kg/hm 2（SF1）、6 000kg/hm 2（SF2）和12 000kg/hm 2（SF3）4种秸秆还田量下玉米农田全生育期地温、土壤水分、植株生长发育、水分利用效率和产量的变化规律。结果表明：秸秆还田促进了玉米叶面积指数提高和地上部生物量的积累,2018年,SF2处理叶面积指数和地上部干物质积累量较CK分别提高13.17%和10.70%;玉米全生育期0~30cm土层土壤温度、0~80cm土层土壤含水率、生育期贮水量和农田耗水量、水分利用效率和产量均表现为SF2>SF3>SF1>CK;2018年,SF1、SF2和SF3产量分别较CK提高了8.5%、11.4%和9.3%。秸秆翻耕还田措施能够显著改善玉米农田土壤水热状况、促进植株生长、提升子粒产量和水分利用效率,其中6 000kg/hm 2还田处理效果最好,可作为节水保墒栽培模式在内蒙古黄土高原推广应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆还田 玉米 土壤温度 土壤含水率 水分利用效率 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-20 |
Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Hydrothermal and Yield of Maize in Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia |
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| Diao Shengpeng,Gao Riping,Gao Yu,Ren Yongfeng,Zhao Peiyi,Yuan Wei,Gao Xuefeng.Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Hydrothermal and Yield of Maize in Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia[J].Crops,2019,35(6):83-14. |
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| Authors: | Diao Shengpeng Gao Riping Gao Yu Ren Yongfeng Zhao Peiyi Yuan Wei Gao Xuefeng |
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| Abstract: | Qingshuihe county, Inner Mongolia is located at the edge of the Loess Plateau, which is a typical arid and water-deficient area in the northern part of China. To clarify the effects of straw returning tilling on soil water storage of maize farmland and the influence of yield characteristics, a two-year field plot experiment was set up. Soil moisture changes in the whole maize growth stages, plant growth and water use efficiency and yield were monitored at rates of 0kg/hm 2(CK), 3 000kg/hm 2(SF1), 6 000kg/hm 2(SF2) and 12 000kg/hm 2(SF3) straw returning treatments. The results showed that straw returning promoted the increase of leaf area index (LAI) and biomass accumulation in the aboveground part of maize. In 2018, LAI and aboveground dry matter of SF2 increased by 13.17% and 10.70%, respectively, compared with CK. In the whole growth period of maize, soil temperature in 0-30cm soil layer, soil moisture content in 0-80cm depth, water storage and farmland water consumption in growth stage, water use efficiency and yield showed as SF2 > SF3 > SF1 > CK. In 2018, the yields of SF1, SF2 and SF3 increased by 8.5%, 11.4% and 9.3%, respectively, compared with CK. Straw returning to the field could significantly improve the soil hydrothermal condition, promote plant growth, improve grain yield and water use efficiency of maize. SF2 treatmeat has the best effect, which can be applied as the cultivation model of water-saving and moisture conservation in the Loess Plateau area of Inner Mongolia. |
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| Keywords: | Straw returning Maize Soil temperature Soil moisture content Water use efficiency Yield |
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