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| 施用鸡粪菜田的土壤重金属含量状况研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 冯伟,杨军芳,周晓芬,杜金忠,杜晓东.施用鸡粪菜田的土壤重金属含量状况研究[J].河北农业科学,2012,16(1):76-79,98. |
| 作者姓名： | 冯伟 杨军芳 周晓芬 杜金忠 杜晓东 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄,050051 2. 藁城市土肥站,河北藁城,052160 3. 河北省农林科学院农业信息与经济研究所,河北石家庄,050051 |
| 摘 要： | 植物必需的微量元素Cu和Zn以及人体必需的Cu、Zn和Cr元素均属于重金属之列。在动物饲料中添加的部分重金属元素对畜禽生长发育和生殖有重要作用,而畜禽对重金属元素利用率很低,绝大部分随畜禽粪便排出体外。如果长期大量无节制地使用畜禽粪便作为有机肥,有可能对土壤环境带来重金属污染的潜在风险,并通过饲料添加—禽畜吸收—禽畜排泄—施入土壤—作物吸收—进入人类食物链,最终将影响人类健康。在石家庄郊区和藁城市,选取不同鸡粪（规模化养殖场鸡粪）施用量与施用年限的设施菜田和露地菜田为研究对象,以藁城市秸秆还田小麦-玉米轮作农田（不施用鸡粪）作为对照,对土壤重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Cd含量进行了测定,分析施用鸡粪对菜田土壤重金属含量的影响,可为农业生产上科学施用鸡粪提供参考。结果表明：除处理4与处理1（CK）的Cd含量基本持平,其余各处理的重金属含量均是菜田高于农田;且随着鸡粪施用量和施用年限的增加,土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Cd含量有明显的累积增加趋势。按照国家土壤重金属污染评价标准（GB 15618—1995）,除处理9的Cd含量超标14%,属轻度污染外,其余各处理的重金属含量均未超标。按照国家无公害蔬菜产地环境质量标准（GT18407.1—2001）,取样菜田土壤Cu、Cd的超标率分别为66.7%和8.3%,Zn、Pb和Cr含量均不超标。与河北省土壤环境背景值相比,取样菜田土壤Cu和Pb的含量均高于土壤背景值,其中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd最高含量分别超过背景值2.1倍、1.9倍、4.8倍、1.6倍和9.1倍。 |
| 关 键 词： | 鸡粪 菜田 重金属 元素含量 |
Study on Contents of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Field Applied Chicken Manure |
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| FENG Wei,YANG Jun-fang,ZHOU Xiao-fen,DU Jin-zhong,DU Xiao-dong.Study on Contents of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Field Applied Chicken Manure[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,2012,16(1):76-79,98. | |
| Authors: | FENG Wei YANG Jun-fang ZHOU Xiao-fen DU Jin-zhong DU Xiao-dong |
| Institution: | 1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;2.Station of Soil and Fertilizer of Gaocheng County,Gaocheng 052160,China;3.Institute of Agricultual Information and Economy,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China) |
| Abstract: | Some heavy metals added in animal feed were important for the growth,development and reproduction of poultry and livestock,but the vast majority were excreted with manure of poultry and livestock from their body.Long-term uncontrolled use of livestock and poultry manure as organic fertilizers likely brought the potential risk of heavy metal pollution to soil environment,which would form a threat to human health via the chain of feedstuff appended-poultry and livestock absorbing-poultry and livestock excreting-soil holding-crops absorbing-human utilization.Taking facilities vegetable field and uncovered vegetable field applied different amount and years of chicken manure in Shijiazhuang suburbs and Gaocheng County as the research objects,and taking the straw returning to field in wheat-maize rotation system(no chicken manure application) in Gaocheng County as the control,the contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Cd in soil were determined,the effects of applying chicken manure on heavy metal contents in vegetable field were analyzed.The results showed that except for Cd content of treatment 1 was almost equal to that of treatment 4,the contents of heavy metals in vegetable fields were higher than those in farmland in other treatments.With the increasing of chicken manure application amount and time,the contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Cd had a cumulative trend for different treatments in soil.According to GB 15618—1995,Cd content of treatment 9 exceeded 14%,which reached light pollution.The contents of heavy metals of other treatments did not meet the pollution standard.According to GT 18407.1—2001,the contents of Cu and Cd in vegetable field exceeded 66.7% and 8.3%,respectively,while the contents of Zn,Pb and Cr did not exceed the standard.Compared with the soil environment background value in Hebei,the contents of Cu and Pb in different treatments were higher.The highest contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Cd were respectively 2.1 times,1.9 times,4.8 times,1.6 times and 9.1 times compared to the background standard. |
| Keywords: | Chicken manure Vegetable field Heavy metals Element contents |
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